Nagasaki, R.; Nagano, K.; Nezu, T.; Iijima, M. Synthesis and Characterization of Bioactive Glass and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Enamel Remineralization and Antimicrobial Capabilities. Materials2023, 16, 6878.
Nagasaki, R.; Nagano, K.; Nezu, T.; Iijima, M. Synthesis and Characterization of Bioactive Glass and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Enamel Remineralization and Antimicrobial Capabilities. Materials 2023, 16, 6878.
Nagasaki, R.; Nagano, K.; Nezu, T.; Iijima, M. Synthesis and Characterization of Bioactive Glass and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Enamel Remineralization and Antimicrobial Capabilities. Materials2023, 16, 6878.
Nagasaki, R.; Nagano, K.; Nezu, T.; Iijima, M. Synthesis and Characterization of Bioactive Glass and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles with Enamel Remineralization and Antimicrobial Capabilities. Materials 2023, 16, 6878.
Abstract
Background: We investigated the effect of bioactive glass and zinc oxide nanoparticles on enamel remineralization, as well as their antibacterial effect on cariogenic bacteria. Methods: Fluoride gel (F), bioactive glass microparticles (µB), bioactive glass nanoparticles (nB), zinc oxide nanoparticles (Z), and a mixed suspension of nB and Z (nBZ) were prepared and subjected to the following tests: morphological evaluation by scanning and transmission electron microscopy, measurement of specific surface area, zeta potential measurement, crystal structure analysis by X-ray diffraction, and acid buffering capacity test. Further, we performed a remineralization cycle test of 28 days and a nanoindentation testing was carried out during the immersion period and then the enamel surfaces were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Additionally, the antibacterial effects of the sample suspensions were evaluated by measuring their minimum bactericidal concentrations against various cariogenic bacteria. Results: Our results revealed that nB had a near-circular shape with an amorphous structure, a considerably large specific surface area due to nanoparticulation. Additionally, nB possessed a rapid acid buffering capacity, which was comparable to that of μB. In the remineralization test, faster recovery of mechanical properties was observed on the enamel surface immersed in samples containing bioactive glass nanoparticles (nB and nBZ). After remineralization, demineralized enamel immersed in any of the samples showed a rough and porous surface structure covered with mineralized structures. Furthermore, nBZ exhibited a broad antibacterial spectrum. Conclusions: These results demonstrated that bioactive glass and zinc oxide nanoparticles have superior demineralization-suppressing and remineralization-promoting effects.
Copyright:
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