Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

miR125-Centered ceRNETs in Breast Cancer. Clinical, Molecular and Ethical Aspects in Personalized Medicine

Roberto Piergentili
ORCID logo ,
Giuseppe Gullo
* ORCID logo ,
Gaspare Cucinella
,
Alessandra Lopez
ORCID logo ,
Gabriele Napoletano
ORCID logo ,
Enrico Marinelli
ORCID logo ,
Simona Zaami
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 22 September 2023 / Approved: 25 September 2023 / Online: 25 September 2023 (16:47:32 CEST)

How to cite: Piergentili, R.; Gullo, G.; Cucinella, G.; Lopez, A.; Napoletano, G.; Marinelli, E.; Zaami, S. miR125-Centered ceRNETs in Breast Cancer. Clinical, Molecular and Ethical Aspects in Personalized Medicine. Preprints 2023, 2023091713. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.1713.v1 Piergentili, R.; Gullo, G.; Cucinella, G.; Lopez, A.; Napoletano, G.; Marinelli, E.; Zaami, S. miR125-Centered ceRNETs in Breast Cancer. Clinical, Molecular and Ethical Aspects in Personalized Medicine. Preprints 2023, 2023091713. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.1713.v1

Abstract

According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) of the World Health Organization (data of year 2020), Breast Cancer (BC) is one of the most common cancer types worldwide, with large geographical variations occurring between countries and world regions and highest incidence rates in countries that have undergone economic transition. The risk factors for BC include women ageing, genetic mutations, reproductive history, dense breast tissues, personal history of BC or specific non-cancerous breast diseases, family history of breast or ovarian cancer, previous treatment using radiation therapy, and exposure to hormone-like drugs such as diethylstilbestrol (DES). Additional risk factors include being overweight or having obesity after menopause, and taking hormones. MicroRNAs (miRNAs or miRs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that have an essential role in gene expression and are significantly linked to the tumor development and angiogenesis process in different types of cancer, including BC. In the last years, the knowledge about miRNAs role in BC has significantly improved, and complex interactions among coding and non-coding RNA has been elucidated. In this context, an increasing number of papers had been published regarding the role of miR-125 in BC. In this review, we summarize the state-of-the-art about this research topic in addition to elaborating on the need to set novel ethical and legal standards for the governance of such innovations in healthcare.

Keywords

Breast Cancer (BC); MicroRNAs (miRNAs); non-coding RNA; competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA); personalized medicine; ethical and legal challenges

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Obstetrics and Gynaecology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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