Version 1
: Received: 12 September 2023 / Approved: 13 September 2023 / Online: 14 September 2023 (08:39:26 CEST)
How to cite:
Chaudhary, R.; Gaur, N.; Yadav, M. Groundwater Quality Assessment of Manipur, India, and Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Groundwater Quality. Preprints2023, 2023090944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0944.v1
Chaudhary, R.; Gaur, N.; Yadav, M. Groundwater Quality Assessment of Manipur, India, and Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Groundwater Quality. Preprints 2023, 2023090944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0944.v1
Chaudhary, R.; Gaur, N.; Yadav, M. Groundwater Quality Assessment of Manipur, India, and Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Groundwater Quality. Preprints2023, 2023090944. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0944.v1
APA Style
Chaudhary, R., Gaur, N., & Yadav, M. (2023). Groundwater Quality Assessment of Manipur, India, and Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Groundwater Quality. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0944.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Chaudhary, R., Nisha Gaur and Mohit Yadav. 2023 "Groundwater Quality Assessment of Manipur, India, and Worldwide Bibliometric Analysis of Research Progress on Groundwater Quality" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0944.v1
Abstract
The water quality index (WQI) and irrigational index for groundwater were studied in the northeastern section of the Manipur Valley in northeast India. Water samples were collected in 2022 during the pre-monsoon season. To compute the water quality index for drinking water, the basic chemical parameters of total hardness, pH, electrical conductivity, total dissolved solids, Ca2+, Na+, Fe, Mg2+, Mn, Cl-, and HCO3, were used. The assessment of bacteriological quality is also done, which is crucial for overall water quality evaluation, alongside physical and chemical analyze. For determining irrigation suitability, irrigational indices such as sodium absorption ratio, sodium percentage, and magnesium hazard were calculated. WQI, %Na+, SAR, magnesium hazard, permeability Index and total hardness indicate that most water samples are harmless for irrigation and drinking purpose. They have affirmative relationships indicating that these characteristics are interdependent. Approximately 25% of the Piedmont zone groundwater is found to be unfit for agricultural and drinking usage. The encrustation of gypsum, halite, and evaporation into the Disang shares accelerate the dissolution of ions in Piedmont water, resulting in quality degradation. According to Gibbs plots, Durov Scatter Plot, and Hill Piper Trilinear Diagram of water dominated the rock-weathering process, while hydro chemical facies progressed from the beginning to the intermediate stage of Chadha's graphical representation illustrates the progression of hydro chemical processes in surface water. Therefore, proper integrated water resource management and development are required for effective water resource utilization, particularly around the Piedmont zone. To prevent a water crisis, groundwater resources must be managed sustainably. The current study also concentrated on a bibliometric examination of groundwater management and access to gauge the state of the field.
Keywords
Groundwater; Water Quality Index; Bacteriological Quality; Irrigational indices; Hydro chemical processes; Potential health risk
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
