Nouri, M.; Weström, B.; Lavasani, S. Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Accompanied by Intestinal Neutrophil Infiltration and Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2023, 24, 15367.
Nouri, M.; Weström, B.; Lavasani, S. Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Accompanied by Intestinal Neutrophil Infiltration and Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 15367.
Nouri, M.; Weström, B.; Lavasani, S. Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Accompanied by Intestinal Neutrophil Infiltration and Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci.2023, 24, 15367.
Nouri, M.; Weström, B.; Lavasani, S. Elevated Fecal Calprotectin Accompanied by Intestinal Neutrophil Infiltration and Goblet Cell Hyperplasia in a Murine Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 15367.
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system caused by myelin-specific autoreactive T cells. We previously demonstrated intestinal barrier disruption and signs of inflammation in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a model of MS. Fecal calprotectin is a disease activity biomarker in inflammatory bowel diseases, released by neutrophils in response to inflammation. We aimed to further investigate EAE manifestations in the gastrointestinal tract, and to determine whether calprotectin is a useful biomarker of intestinal inflammation in EAE. Calprotectin was analyzed in feces, cecal contents, and plasma of EAE mice. Infiltrating neutrophils and goblet cells were investigated in different parts of the gastrointestinal tract, before onset of neurological symptoms and during established disease. We found increased calprotectin levels in feces, cecal content and plasma, preceding EAE onset that further escalated during disease progression. Increased neutrophil infiltration in the intestinal tissue concomitant with IL-17 expression and myeloperoxidase activity was found correlating well with clinical activity. Increased goblet cells in intestine similar to irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) were also observed. The results suggest calprotectin as a good biomarker of gastrointestinal inflammation in EAE, also the potential of this model as a useful animal model for IBS.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
