On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration

Enrique Gaztanaga

doi:10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

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preprints.org > physical sciences > astronomy and astrophysics > doi: 10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration

Enrique Gaztanaga

Version 1 : Received: 7 September 2023 / Approved: 13 September 2023 / Online: 13 September 2023 (10:05:21 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 18 September 2023 / Approved: 18 September 2023 / Online: 25 September 2023 (04:49:46 CEST)
Version 3 : Received: 6 January 2024 / Approved: 8 January 2024 / Online: 8 January 2024 (06:37:58 CET)
Version 4 : Received: 27 January 2024 / Approved: 29 January 2024 / Online: 29 January 2024 (04:48:12 CET)
Version 5 : Received: 11 April 2024 / Approved: 11 April 2024 / Online: 12 April 2024 (04:53:47 CEST)

How to cite: Gaztanaga, E. On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration. Preprints 2023, 2023090873. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1 Gaztanaga, E. On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration. Preprints 2023, 2023090873. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

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MDPI and ACS Style

Gaztanaga, E. On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration. Preprints 2023, 2023090873. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

APA Style

Gaztanaga, E. (2023). On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

Chicago/Turabian Style

Gaztanaga, E. 2023 "On the interpretation of cosmic acceleration" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0873.v1

Abstract

We argue here that deceleration (and not acceleration) is the correct interpretation for current measurements of cosmic expansion. The concept of cosmic acceleration, $q$, that we commonly used is based in the comoving distance. This is a 3D space-like coordinate, which corresponds to distance between non causal events. For a correct interpretation, cosmic expansion should be measured using the distance between (4D null) causal events. This is implemented here using a new definition, $q_E$, for cosmic acceleration. We present a comparison of $q_E$ and $q$ in data from supernovae (SN) and radial galaxy/QSO clustering (BAO). The $q$ analysis reproduces some known tension between SN and BAO, but this tension disappears for $q_E$. Data clearly shows that cosmic expansion is decelerating indicating that events are trapped inside an Event Horizon, like in the interior of a Black Hole (BH). Rather than a new form of dark energy or modified Gravity, $\Lambda$ corresponds to a boundary that causes friction, i.e. an attractive force, similar to a rubber band.

Keywords

Cosmology: Dark Energy, General Relativity, Black Holes, Cosmological Constant

Subject

Physical Sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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