Version 1
: Received: 8 September 2023 / Approved: 11 September 2023 / Online: 11 September 2023 (10:09:04 CEST)
How to cite:
Ingutia, R. Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?. Preprints2023, 2023090645. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1
Ingutia, R. Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?. Preprints 2023, 2023090645. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1
Ingutia, R. Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?. Preprints2023, 2023090645. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1
APA Style
Ingutia, R. (2023). Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Ingutia, R. 2023 "Who Is Being Left behind in Water Security towards the Achievement of the 2030 Agenda?" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0645.v1
Abstract
We investigate if anyone is being left behind in accessing safely managed drinking water (SM) in achieving the 2030 agenda. We use 23 countries grouped globally as critically insecure water (CIWC). The results indicate none of the CIWC had over 50% of the population accessing SM, N. America and Europe had highest percentages while Sub Saharan Africa had the least. People left behind are found in rural areas, in countries vulnerable to climate change because of poor governance, low-income, and women’s low education. Institutional quality, equity and equality should be improved in using resources critical to leaving no one behind.
Keywords
water security; sustainable development goals; critically water insecure countries; education; health; nutrition
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Water Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.