Elbeaino, T.; Ben Slimen, A.; Belgacem, I.; Mnari-Hattab, M.; Spanò, R.; Digiaro, M.; Abdelkhalek, A. Identification, Sequencing, and Molecular Analysis of RNA2 of Artichoke Italian Latent Virus Isolates from Known Hosts and a New Host Plant Species. Viruses2023, 15, 2170.
Elbeaino, T.; Ben Slimen, A.; Belgacem, I.; Mnari-Hattab, M.; Spanò, R.; Digiaro, M.; Abdelkhalek, A. Identification, Sequencing, and Molecular Analysis of RNA2 of Artichoke Italian Latent Virus Isolates from Known Hosts and a New Host Plant Species. Viruses 2023, 15, 2170.
Elbeaino, T.; Ben Slimen, A.; Belgacem, I.; Mnari-Hattab, M.; Spanò, R.; Digiaro, M.; Abdelkhalek, A. Identification, Sequencing, and Molecular Analysis of RNA2 of Artichoke Italian Latent Virus Isolates from Known Hosts and a New Host Plant Species. Viruses2023, 15, 2170.
Elbeaino, T.; Ben Slimen, A.; Belgacem, I.; Mnari-Hattab, M.; Spanò, R.; Digiaro, M.; Abdelkhalek, A. Identification, Sequencing, and Molecular Analysis of RNA2 of Artichoke Italian Latent Virus Isolates from Known Hosts and a New Host Plant Species. Viruses 2023, 15, 2170.
Abstract
Despite its remote discovery (1977) and numerous reports of its presence in vari-ous plant species in many countries, the available molecular information for the artichoke Italian latent virus (AILV) is still limited to a single complete genome sequence (RNA1 and 2) isolate from grapevine (AILV-V) and to a partial sequence portion from RNA2 of an isolate of unknow origin and host, both reported in the GenBank. Here we report the results of molecular analyses conducted on RNA2 of AILV isolates, sequenced for the first time in this study, together with the first-time finding of AILV in a new host plant species, i.e., chard (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris). The different AILV isolates sequenced are from artichoke (AILV-C), gladiolus (AILV-G), sonchus (AILV-S) and chard (AILV-B). At the bio-logical level, the AILV-B was found to be involved with vein clearing and mott-ling symptoms on chard leaves. At the molecular level, sequencing results of RNA2 segments showed that AILV-C, AILV-G, AILV-S and AILV-B were 4,629 nt in length (excluding the 3’ terminal polyA tail), hence one nt shorter than that of AILV-V reported in the GenBank. The comparative sequence analysis between the CR of RNA2 of all isolates showed that AILV-V was the most variable isolate, with the lowest sequence identities of 83.2% and 84.7% at the nucleotides and amino acids levels, respectively. Putative intra-species sequence recombination sites were predicted among the AILV isolates, of which the AILV-V, AILV-C and AILV-B genomes were found to be mostly involved. This study adds further mo-lecular information on the previously unrecorded high genomic variability of the Nepoviruses of subgroup B, together with information on recombinations that may have conditioned the infection and transmission of AILV in nature; thus learning the way forward to design a new integrated pest management of chard plantation.
Keywords
nepovirus; RNA2 sequences; phylogenetic and recombination analyses
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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