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Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting
Version 1
: Received: 31 August 2023 / Approved: 1 September 2023 / Online: 4 September 2023 (03:50:33 CEST)
How to cite:
Platt, D.; Sigamani, A.; Shah, N. Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting. Preprints2023, 2023090077. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0077.v1
Platt, D.; Sigamani, A.; Shah, N. Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting. Preprints 2023, 2023090077. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0077.v1
Platt, D.; Sigamani, A.; Shah, N. Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting. Preprints2023, 2023090077. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0077.v1
APA Style
Platt, D., Sigamani, A., & Shah, N. (2023). <strong></strong>Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0077.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Platt, D., Alben Sigamani and Nehal Shah. 2023 "<strong></strong>Evaluation of Complex Carbohydrates Showing Broad-Spectrum Antiviral Activity against SARS-CoV-2, Influenza-a (H1N1) and Human Respiratory Syncytial Virus (hRSV) Strain A2 in ‘In Vitro’ Setting" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202309.0077.v1
Abstract
ntroduction: Respiratory tract Infections are the greatest cause of death worldwide. Since its outbreak in 2019, the coronavirus pandemic (COVID-19) has been a challenge to humans in terms of treatment and prevention of this respiratory viral infection. The re-emergence of respiratory viral infections like influenza, pose a serious hazard to global public health because they occur seasonally. Creating broad-spectrum antiviral compounds for rapid action in the case of an outbreak crisis, as well as bioweapon defences, is critical. Human galectin-3 is found in high concentrations in activated T lymphocytes, epithelial and endothelial cells, and fibroblasts. ProLectin -I and ProLectin -M are both galectin antagonists. Blocking viral entry with a complex polysaccharide component "ProLectin-M" has downstream effects on viral reproduction enabling it to be used as a therapeutic tool and a safe alternative to conventional anti-viral medicines. Methods: In total, 3 cell based assays have been conducted to evaluate antiviral efficacy of ProLectin–I and ProLectin-M against SARS-CoV-2 virus, Influenza-A (H1N1), and human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) strain A2. ProLectin-M and ProLectin-I were evaluated for their anti-viral potency using SARS-CoV2 virus strain by viral RNA Extraction and qRT-PCR assays. The plaque assays were carried out to determine the antiviral activity of the test products (ProLectin-I and ProLectin-M) against ‘Influenza-A (H1N1)-A/PR/8/34 (TC adapted)’ and ‘Human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) strain A2’ in a cell based in vitro setting. As eference standard, "Oseltamivir Phosphate" and "Remdesivir" were used to determine antiviral activity of test products against H1N1 and hRSV strains respectively.Results: The IC50 of ProLectin-M and ProLectin-I against SARS-CoV-2 virus was found to be 6248 ng/ml (6.2µg/ml) and 4207 ng/ml (4.2μg/ml) respectively. The CC50 value was similar in both the test products i.e. >100 µg/ml. Against Influenza A (H1N1) strain, ProLectin-M exhibited 95 % reduction in the viral load at the test concentration of 21.8 µg/mL with an IC50 value of 5.4 µg/mL whereas, ProLectin-I did not show any cytotoxicity till 250 µg/mL concentration. Against 'human respiratory syncytial virus (hRSV) strain A2, ProLectin-M exhibited 65 % reduction in the viral load at the test concentration of 43.75 µg/mL with an IC50 value of 27.41 µg/mL whereas, ProLectin- I did not show any cytotoxicity till 250 µg/mL concentration. Conclusion: Both ProLectin-I and ProLectin-M have been reported to exhibit broad-spectrum antiviral activity in ‘in-vitro’ setting. ProLectin-M reducing influenza-A virus by 95% and hRSC strain A2 by 65%. To better understand broad spectrum antiviral activity of ProLectin-I and ProLectin-M, further pre-clinical research is warranted.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
