Olszewski, K.; Sobanska, M.; Dubrovskii, V.G.; Leshchenko, E.D.; Wierzbicka, A.; Zytkiewicz, Z.R. Geometrical Selection of GaN Nanowires Grown by Plasma-Assisted MBE on Polycrystalline ZrN Layers. Nanomaterials2023, 13, 2587.
Olszewski, K.; Sobanska, M.; Dubrovskii, V.G.; Leshchenko, E.D.; Wierzbicka, A.; Zytkiewicz, Z.R. Geometrical Selection of GaN Nanowires Grown by Plasma-Assisted MBE on Polycrystalline ZrN Layers. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2587.
Olszewski, K.; Sobanska, M.; Dubrovskii, V.G.; Leshchenko, E.D.; Wierzbicka, A.; Zytkiewicz, Z.R. Geometrical Selection of GaN Nanowires Grown by Plasma-Assisted MBE on Polycrystalline ZrN Layers. Nanomaterials2023, 13, 2587.
Olszewski, K.; Sobanska, M.; Dubrovskii, V.G.; Leshchenko, E.D.; Wierzbicka, A.; Zytkiewicz, Z.R. Geometrical Selection of GaN Nanowires Grown by Plasma-Assisted MBE on Polycrystalline ZrN Layers. Nanomaterials 2023, 13, 2587.
Abstract
GaN nanowires grown on metal substrates attract an increasing interest for a wide range of applications. Herein, we report GaN nanowires grown by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy on thin polycrystalline ZrN buffer layers, sputtered onto Si(111) substrates. The nanowire orientation is studied experimentally and described within a model as a function of the Ga beam angle, nanowire tilt angle and substrate rotation. We show that vertically aligned nanowires grow faster than inclined nanowires, which leads to an interesting effect of geometrical selection of the nanowire orientation in the directional molecular beam epitaxy technique. After a given growth time, this effect depends on the nanowire surface density. At low density, the nanowires continue to grow with random orientations as nucleated. At high density, the effect of preferential growth induced by unidirectional supply of material in MBE starts to dominate. Faster growing nanowires with smaller tilt angles shadow more inclined nanowires that grow slower. This helps to obtain more regular ensembles of vertically oriented GaN nanowires despite their random position induced by the metallic grains at nucleation. The obtained dense ensembles of vertically aligned GaN nanowires on ZrN/Si(111) surfaces are highly relevant for device applications. These results are not specific for GaN nanowires and should be relevant for any nanowires which are epitaxially linked to the randomly oriented surface grains in the directional molecular beam epitaxy.
Chemistry and Materials Science, Materials Science and Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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