Numsriskulrat, N.; Teeranathada, T.; Bongsebandhu-Phubhakdi, C.; Aroonparkmongkol, S.; Choi, K.; Supornsilchai, V. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Its Analogs among Thai School-Age Children. Toxics2023, 11, 761.
Numsriskulrat, N.; Teeranathada, T.; Bongsebandhu-Phubhakdi, C.; Aroonparkmongkol, S.; Choi, K.; Supornsilchai, V. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Its Analogs among Thai School-Age Children. Toxics 2023, 11, 761.
Numsriskulrat, N.; Teeranathada, T.; Bongsebandhu-Phubhakdi, C.; Aroonparkmongkol, S.; Choi, K.; Supornsilchai, V. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Its Analogs among Thai School-Age Children. Toxics2023, 11, 761.
Numsriskulrat, N.; Teeranathada, T.; Bongsebandhu-Phubhakdi, C.; Aroonparkmongkol, S.; Choi, K.; Supornsilchai, V. Exposure to Bisphenol A and Its Analogs among Thai School-Age Children. Toxics 2023, 11, 761.
Abstract
Bisphenol F (BPF) and bisphenol S (BPS) are increasingly used as substitutes for bisphenol A (BPA) in the plastic industry, driven by concerns over the adverse effects of BPA. However, there is a lack of infor-mation on the extent of exposure to these chemicals in children. This study aims to assess the extent of BPA, BPF, and BPS exposure and determine factors that influence such exposure. A group of Thai children (age 6-13 years, n=358) were recruited between October 2019-2020. Two first morning void was collected one week apart. Demographic and exposure-related information was gathered. Urinary concentrations of bisphenols were analyzed by liquid-chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. Correlation between bisphenol concentrations and various factors was determined using generalized estimating equations with linear model. BPA, BPF, and BPS were detected at 79.6%, 31.0%, and 16.8%, with geometric mean (GM) concentrations of 1.41, 0.013, and 0.014 ng/mL respectively. Younger children aged < 10 years exhibited 1.3-1.6 times higher GM levels of all bisphenols compared to older children. Exposure to food stored in plas-tic containers were associated with higher levels of BPF and BPS. In conclusion, BPA was the most fre-quently detected bisphenol in urine samples from Thai children, followed by BPF and BPS.
Keywords
Bisphenol A (BPA); Bisphenol F (BPF); Bisphenol S (BPS); Liquid-chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry
Subject
Environmental and Earth Sciences, Environmental Science
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
