Epigenetics and the Environmental Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorders

German Torres; Mervat Mourad; Saba Iqbal; Emmanuel Moses-Fynn; Ashani Pandita; Shriya S. Siddhartha; Riya A. Sood; Kavya Srinivasan; Riya T. Subbaiah; Alisha Tiwari; Joerg R. Leheste

doi:10.20944/preprints202308.0465.v1

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preprints.org > medicine and pharmacology > neuroscience and neurology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202308.0465.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Epigenetics and the Environmental Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorders

Version 1 : Received: 3 August 2023 / Approved: 4 August 2023 / Online: 4 August 2023 (19:17:21 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Torres, G.; Mourad, M.; Iqbal, S.; Moses-Fynn, E.; Pandita, A.; Siddhartha, S.S.; Sood, R.A.; Srinivasan, K.; Subbaiah, R.T.; Tiwari, A.; Leheste, J.R. Conceptualizing Epigenetics and the Environmental Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Genes 2023, 14, 1734. Torres, G.; Mourad, M.; Iqbal, S.; Moses-Fynn, E.; Pandita, A.; Siddhartha, S.S.; Sood, R.A.; Srinivasan, K.; Subbaiah, R.T.; Tiwari, A.; Leheste, J.R. Conceptualizing Epigenetics and the Environmental Landscape of Autism Spectrum Disorders. Genes 2023, 14, 1734.

Abstract

Complex interactions between gene variants and environmental risk factors underlie the pathophysiological pathways in major psychiatric disorders. Autism Spectrum Disorder is a psychiatric condition in which susceptible alleles along with epigenetic memories contribute to the mutational landscape of the ailing brain. The present work reviews recent evolutionary, molecular, and epigenetic mechanisms potentially linked to the etiology of autism. First, we present a clinical vignette to describe clusters of maladaptive behaviors frequently diagnosed in autistic patients. Next, we microdissect brain regions pertinent to the nosology of autism as well as cell networks from the bilateral body plan. Lastly, we catalog a number of pathogenic environments associated with disease risk factors. This set of perspectives provides emerging insights into the dynamic interplay between epigenetic and environmental variation in the development of Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Keywords

lleles; Brain; Disease; Genes; Gastrointestinal Tract; Mutations; Epigenetics; Evolution; Phenotypes

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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