Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile during Acute Phase of COVID-19 Infection and after Recovery: Evidence of a Sequel in LDL

Zahra Lotfollahi
ORCID logo ,
Luana dos S. Neres
,
Andressa F. Mathias
,
Maria C.P. De Freitas
,
Ana C. Varella
,
Paulo A Lotufo
,
Alessandra C. Goulart
,
Nágila R.T. Damasceno
ORCID logo ,
Juliana B. de Andrade
,
Ricardo A. Fock
,
Antonio M. Figueiredo Neto
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 3 August 2023 / Approved: 3 August 2023 / Online: 4 August 2023 (11:03:56 CEST)

How to cite: Lotfollahi, Z.; Neres, L.D.S.; Mathias, A.F.; De Freitas, M.C.; Varella, A.C.; Lotufo, P.A.; Goulart, A.C.; Damasceno, N.R.; Andrade, J.B.D.; Fock, R.A.; Figueiredo Neto, A.M. Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile during Acute Phase of COVID-19 Infection and after Recovery: Evidence of a Sequel in LDL. Preprints 2023, 2023080388. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202308.0388.v1 Lotfollahi, Z.; Neres, L.D.S.; Mathias, A.F.; De Freitas, M.C.; Varella, A.C.; Lotufo, P.A.; Goulart, A.C.; Damasceno, N.R.; Andrade, J.B.D.; Fock, R.A.; Figueiredo Neto, A.M. Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile during Acute Phase of COVID-19 Infection and after Recovery: Evidence of a Sequel in LDL. Preprints 2023, 2023080388. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202308.0388.v1

Abstract

This study aimed to investigate the atherogenicity (quality) of LDL particles in patients with acute and recovered from COVID-19 infection. The participants were adults, aged 18 years or older of both sexes. Those with positive RT-PCR results at baseline were included in the Acute COVID-19 group (n=33), and those with negative RT-PCR six months after acute infection, were included in the Recovered COVID-19 group (n=30). The LDL quality was evaluated using three validated methods: Z-scan, UV-visible spectroscopy, and Lipoprint. The Recovered COVID-19 group showed significantly higher numbers of large LDL particles (less atherogenic) than the Acute COVID-19 group (P<0.05). We also found that COVID-19 infection was associated with the oxidative modification of LDL particles. D-dimer and CRP levels were correlated with Z-scan results and antioxidant-amount estimate. Moreover, we noticed that the infection left a sequel in LDL quality, even after six months of recovery. These findings highlight the importance of monitoring lipids during and after recovery from COVID-19 infection, and their potential deleterious effect on the LDL profile might correlate with the progression of atherosclerosis and poor clinical outcomes.

Keywords

COVID-19; modified LDL; Z-scan; UV-visible spectroscopy; Lipoprint

Subject

Physical Sciences, Other

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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