Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Rabbits as Animal Models for Anti-tick Vaccine Development: A Global Scenario

Arlex Rodríguez-Durán
ORCID logo ,
Shafi Ullah
ORCID logo ,
Luís Fernando Parizi
,
Abid Ali
,
Itabajara Da Silva Vaz Junior
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 2 August 2023 / Approved: 2 August 2023 / Online: 3 August 2023 (10:56:37 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Rodríguez-Durán, A.; Ullah, S.; Parizi, L.F.; Ali, A.; da Silva Vaz Junior, I. Rabbits as Animal Models for Anti-Tick Vaccine Development: A Global Scenario. Pathogens 2023, 12, 1117. Rodríguez-Durán, A.; Ullah, S.; Parizi, L.F.; Ali, A.; da Silva Vaz Junior, I. Rabbits as Animal Models for Anti-Tick Vaccine Development: A Global Scenario. Pathogens 2023, 12, 1117.

Abstract

Studies evaluating candidate tick-derived proteins as anti-tick vaccines in natural hosts have been limited due to high costs. To overcome this problem, animal models are used in immunization tests. The aim of this article was to review the use of rabbits as an experimental model for the evaluation of tick-derived proteins as vaccines. A total of 57 tick proteins have been tested for their immunogenic potential using rabbit as model for vaccination. The most commonly used rabbit breeds were New Zealand (73.8%), Japanese white (19%), Californians (4.8%) and Flemish lop-eared rabbit (2.4%). Anti-tick vaccines efficacy resulted in up to 99.9%. Haemaphysalis longicornis (17.9%) and Ornithodoros moubata (12.8%) were the most common tick model in vaccination trials. Experiments in rabbits have revealed that some proteins (CoAQP, OeAQP, OeAQP1, Bm86, GST-Hl, 64TRP, serpins and voraxin) can induce immune responses against various tick species. In addition, in some cases it was possible to determine that the vaccine efficacy in rabbits was similar to experiments performed in natural hosts (e.g. Bm86, IrFER2, RmFER2, serpins and serine protease inhibitor). In conclusion, results have shown that prior to performing anti-tick vaccination trials using natural hosts, rabbits can be used as suitable experimental models for these studies

Keywords

rabbit; immunization; humoral and adaptive response; tick; antigen

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Parasitology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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