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Vibrio splendidus AJ01 Promotes Pathogenicity by L-Glutamic Acid
Version 1
: Received: 1 August 2023 / Approved: 2 August 2023 / Online: 2 August 2023 (14:38:22 CEST)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Li, Y.; Shi, W.; Zhang, W. Vibrio splendidus AJ01 Promotes Pathogenicity via L-Glutamic Acid. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2333. Li, Y.; Shi, W.; Zhang, W. Vibrio splendidus AJ01 Promotes Pathogenicity via L-Glutamic Acid. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2333.
Abstract
Vibrio splendidus is the main pathogen infect a wide range of hosts, especially sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus. Our previous studies had shown that the level of L-glutamic acid (L-Glu) was significantly increased under heat stress and it was one of the best carbon sources that could be used by V. splendidus AJ01. In this study, the effects of exogenous L-Glu on the coelomocyte viability, tissue status and individual mortality of sea cucumbers were analyzed. The results showed that 10 mM L-Glu decreased coelomocyte viability and increased mortality, with tissue rupture and pyknosis, while 0.1 mM L-Glu slightly affected the survival of sea cucumbers without obvious damages at both cellular and tissue levels. Transcriptomic analysis showed that there were 343 upregulated and 206 downregulated genes regulated by exogenous L-Glu. GO analysis showed that differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were mainly enriched in signaling and membrane formation, while KEGG analysis showed that DEGs were significantly enriched in the upregulated endocytosis and downregulated lysosomal pathways. The coelomocyte viability further decreased 20% in the simultaneous presence of exogenous L-Glu and V. splendidus AJ01, compared to that of V. splendidus AJ01 infection alone. Consequently, a higher mortality of sea cucumber was also observed in the presence of exogenous L-Glu challenged by V. splendidus AJ01. Real time reverse transcriptase PCR showed that L-Glu specifically upregulated the expression of the fliC gene, conding the subunit protein of flagellar filament, with promoted swimming motility activity of V. splendidus. Our result indicated that L-Glu should be kept in a state of equilibrium, and the excess L-Glu in the host-pathogen interface would prompt the virulence of V. splendidus via increasing bacterial motility.
Keywords
Vibrio splendidus; L-Glu; Transcriptomic analysis; Virulence
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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