Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods

Francisco López-Cárdenas; Emilio Ochoa-Reyes; Ramiro Baeza-Jiménez; Julio C. Tafolla-Arellano; Juan A. Ascacio-Valdés; Jose J. Buenrostro-Figueroa

doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1907.v1

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preprints.org > biology and life sciences > biology and biotechnology > doi: 10.20944/preprints202307.1907.v1

Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods

Francisco López-Cárdenas

Emilio Ochoa-Reyes

Ramiro Baeza-Jiménez

Julio C. Tafolla-Arellano

^* ,

Juan A. Ascacio-Valdés

Jose J. Buenrostro-Figueroa

Version 1 : Received: 27 July 2023 / Approved: 27 July 2023 / Online: 27 July 2023 (10:46:06 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

López-Cárdenas, F.; Ochoa-Reyes, E.; Baeza-Jiménez, R.; Tafolla-Arellano, J.C.; Ascacio-Valdés, J.A.; Buenrostro-Figueroa, J.J. Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods. Fermentation 2023, 9, 823. López-Cárdenas, F.; Ochoa-Reyes, E.; Baeza-Jiménez, R.; Tafolla-Arellano, J.C.; Ascacio-Valdés, J.A.; Buenrostro-Figueroa, J.J. Solid-State Fermentation as a Sustainable Tool for Extracting Phenolic Compounds from Cascalote Pods. Fermentation 2023, 9, 823.

Abstract

Cascalote pods are an important source of phenolic compounds, mainly recovered using solvent extraction methods. As a sustainable alternative, this study aimed to evaluate solid-state fermentation (SSF) to enhance the extractability of total phenolic compounds (TPC) with antioxidant activity (AA) from cascalote pods. Aspergillus niger GH1 was selected based on the amount of TPC released and AA measured (ABTS, DPPH, FRAP) in a shorter time. Moreover, moisture, temperature, inoculum size, and mineral composition were evaluated. The largest amount of TPC released was 124.17 mg/gdm (g of dry material) after 12 h of culture, strongly and highly significantly correlated with the AA. Moisture and KH2PO4 concentration were the main influencing factors on TPC release. Treatment 6 [1x 107 spores/gdm, 30 °C, 60% moisture, mineral composition (g/L): KH2PO4, 1.52; NaNO3, 7.65; and MgSO4, 1.52] was selected due to the highest values of both TPC and AA. SSF-assisted extraction allowed increase 118 % and 93 % in TPC and AA values, respectively. Corilagin, lagerstannin, geraniin, and ellagic acid were the main phenolic compounds identified by RP-HPLC-ESI-MS in cascalote extracts. The results obtained demonstrate the feasibility of SSF-assisted extraction as a biotechnological alternative for the recovery of important bioactive molecules from this underutilized material.

Keywords

condensed tannins; hydrolysable tannins; ABTS; DPPH; solid-state fermentation; improved extraction; RP-HPLC-ESI-MS

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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