Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Exploring Peracetic Acid and Acidic pH Tolerance of Antibiotic Resistant Non-typhoidal Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium from Diverse Epidemiological and Genetic Backgrounds

Andreia Rebelo
ORCID logo ,
Bárbara Duarte
,
Ana R. Freitas
,
Luísa Peixe
ORCID logo ,
Patrícia Antunes
* ORCID logo ,
Carla Novais
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 26 July 2023 / Approved: 26 July 2023 / Online: 27 July 2023 (02:20:07 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Rebelo, A.; Duarte, B.; Freitas, A.R.; Peixe, L.; Antunes, P.; Novais, C. Exploring Peracetic Acid and Acidic pH Tolerance of Antibiotic-Resistant Non-Typhoidal Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium from Diverse Epidemiological and Genetic Backgrounds. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2330. Rebelo, A.; Duarte, B.; Freitas, A.R.; Peixe, L.; Antunes, P.; Novais, C. Exploring Peracetic Acid and Acidic pH Tolerance of Antibiotic-Resistant Non-Typhoidal Salmonella and Enterococcus faecium from Diverse Epidemiological and Genetic Backgrounds. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 2330.

Abstract

Acid stress poses a common challenge for bacteria in diverse environments by the presence of inorganic (e.g., mammals’ stomach) or organic acids (e.g., feed additives; acid-based disinfectants). Limited knowledge exists regarding acid-tolerant strains of specific serotypes, clonal lineages, or sources in human/animal pathogens, namely non-typhoidal Salmonella enterica (NTS) and Enterococcus faecium (Efm). This study evaluated acidic pH and peracetic acid (PAA) susceptibility of Efm (n=72) and NTS (n=60) from diverse epidemiological/genetic backgrounds, and with multiple antibiotic resistance profiles. Efm minimum growth/survival-pH was 4,5-5/3-4 and for NTS 4,0-4,5/3,5-4,0. Among Efm, only those of clade-non-A1 (non-hospital associated) or food chain demonstrated greater tolerance to acidic pH compared to clade-A1 (hospital-associated clones) or clinical isolates (P<0.05). MDR (multidrug-resistant) NTS survived better to acidic pH (P<0.05). The MICPAA/MBCPAA was 70-120/80-150mg/L for Efm and 50-70/60-100mg/L for NTS. Efm-clade-A1 or MDR strains exhibited higher PAA tolerance than clade-non-A1 or non-MDR ones (P<0.05). Higher tolerance was found in non-MDR and clinical NTS than in food chain isolates (P<0.05), but not between different serogroups. This unique study identifies specific NTS or Efm populations more tolerant to acidic pH or PAA, emphasizing the need for further research to tailor control measures of public health and food safety within a One Health framework.

Keywords

Biocides; One Health; Food chain; Antimicrobial resistance

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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