Recommended Separation Distances for 1.3 Ammunition and Explosives

Clint Guymon; Ming Liu; Josephine Covino

doi:10.20944/preprints202307.1741.v2

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preprints.org > engineering > safety, risk, reliability and quality > doi: 10.20944/preprints202307.1741.v2

Preprint Article Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Recommended Separation Distances for 1.3 Ammunition and Explosives

Clint Guymon

^* ,

Ming Liu

Josephine Covino

Version 1 : Received: 25 July 2023 / Approved: 26 July 2023 / Online: 26 July 2023 (03:27:27 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 29 July 2023 / Approved: 31 July 2023 / Online: 2 August 2023 (02:14:57 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Guymon, C.; Liu, M.; Covino, J. Recommended Separation Distances for 1.3 Ammunition and Explosives. Fire 2023, 6, 331. Guymon, C.; Liu, M.; Covino, J. Recommended Separation Distances for 1.3 Ammunition and Explosives. Fire 2023, 6, 331.

Abstract

Separation Distances are used throughout the world to protect people and assets from the potential hazardous effects from propellants, explosives, and pyrotechnics. The current separation distances for Hazard Division (HD) 1.3 substances and articles used in the United States, in some cases, may not adequately protect against the effects from heat flux and debris when those substances and articles are ignited in a confined structure. Multiple tests in such a confined scenario with HD 1.3 substances have shown that the heat flux and debris hazards could result in injury at distances beyond the current specified explosives safety separation distance (ESSD). Herein are recommended ESSD’s for confined as well as unconfined HD 1.3 articles and substances based on the analysis of hundreds of tests. Recommended ESSD’s include a smaller value for unconfined quantities less than 145 kilograms and ESSD’s that are consistent with NATO distances for confined substances and articles.

Keywords

propellant; HD1.3; safe separation; quantity distance

Subject

Engineering, Safety, Risk, Reliability and Quality

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Comments (1)

Comment 1

Received: 2 August 2023
Commenter: Clint Guymon
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: We included additional details on the modeling effort completed as part of the paper as well as additional test details. The organization of the paper was slightly modified.

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