PreprintReviewVersion 1Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed
The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases
Version 1
: Received: 18 July 2023 / Approved: 18 July 2023 / Online: 19 July 2023 (02:58:47 CEST)
How to cite:
AbdelMassih, A.F.; Kamel, A.; Mohammad, L.; Barakat, A.; Gaber, H.; Mousa, Y.; Hassanein, H.; Saleb, R.; Khalil, N. The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases. Preprints2023, 2023071217. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1217.v1
AbdelMassih, A.F.; Kamel, A.; Mohammad, L.; Barakat, A.; Gaber, H.; Mousa, Y.; Hassanein, H.; Saleb, R.; Khalil, N. The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases. Preprints 2023, 2023071217. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1217.v1
AbdelMassih, A.F.; Kamel, A.; Mohammad, L.; Barakat, A.; Gaber, H.; Mousa, Y.; Hassanein, H.; Saleb, R.; Khalil, N. The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases. Preprints2023, 2023071217. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1217.v1
APA Style
AbdelMassih, A.F., Kamel, A., Mohammad, L., Barakat, A., Gaber, H., Mousa, Y., Hassanein, H., Saleb, R., & Khalil, N. (2023). The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1217.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
AbdelMassih, A.F., Robert Saleb and Noha Khalil. 2023 "The Heart vs. Brain, are They Also Different when it Comes to Post Vaccination Complications, Insights from a Systematic Review of Post-COVID-19 ADEM and Myopericarditis Cases" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202307.1217.v1
Abstract
Background:
COVID-19 vaccines have been a game changer in the pandemic, their extensive use was favorable compared to the burden of COVID-19 complications. Despite the low incidence of complications, it was important to analyze them carefully to understand the underlying mechanisms and predisposing factors. For instance, myopericarditis especially from mRNA vaccines, and its relatively higher prevalence in young adults and adolescents has raised a public concern about the use of this vaccine in this group. We aimed through this review to compare the age likelihood of ADEM from COVID-19 vaccines, with that reported in myopericarditis cases; secondary outcome parameters included the gender and number of doses needed to induce COVID-19 vaccines related ADEM.
Methodology:
A literature search has been conducted on relevant databases to retrieve all case reports/series and systematic reviews describing ADEM with possible linkage to COVID-19. Exclusion criteria included any report not including the desired outcome parameters. Our results were then qualitatively compared with a similar systematic review reporting myopericarditis from COVID-19 vaccines.
Results:
In 38 cases with ADEM, mean age was 49±16 compared to 25±14 in myopericarditis, females were more likely to be affected, and while most of myopericarditis cases develop after the second dose, most of ADEM cases develop after the first dose (76%). Moreover, age>56 years was more predictive of negative outcome after ADEM in the form of death or permanent vegetative state.
Conclusion:
The discrepancy in age, gender and number of doses needed to induce complications between ADEM and myopericarditis, signify that the tissue affected is the major orchestrator of the age, gender, and dose characteristics, and not the type of vaccines. A leakier blood brain barrier with aging, might allow easier passage of autoantibodies and cytokines into the brain while lack of inhibitory immune checkpoints in the myocardium in young age might explain the higher prevalence of those cases in young adults and adolescents.
Medicine and Pharmacology, Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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