Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Assessment of Stress Levels in Lactating Cattle: Analyzing Cortisol Residues in Commercial Milk Products in Relation to the Temperature-Humidity Index

Mohammad Ataallahi
ORCID logo ,
Si Nae Cheon
ORCID logo ,
Geun-Woo Park
ORCID logo ,
Eska Nugrahaeningtyas
ORCID logo ,
Jung Hwan Jeon
,
Kyu-Hyun Park
*
Version 1 : Received: 12 July 2023 / Approved: 12 July 2023 / Online: 13 July 2023 (12:14:13 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Ataallahi, M.; Cheon, S.N.; Park, G.-W.; Nugrahaeningtyas, E.; Jeon, J.H.; Park, K.-H. Assessment of Stress Levels in Lactating Cattle: Analyzing Cortisol Residues in Commercial Milk Products in Relation to the Temperature–Humidity Index. Animals 2023, 13, 2407. Ataallahi, M.; Cheon, S.N.; Park, G.-W.; Nugrahaeningtyas, E.; Jeon, J.H.; Park, K.-H. Assessment of Stress Levels in Lactating Cattle: Analyzing Cortisol Residues in Commercial Milk Products in Relation to the Temperature–Humidity Index. Animals 2023, 13, 2407.

Abstract

Chronic stress in dairy cattle industry has negative impacts on animal health, productivity, and welfare. It has been confirmed that cortisol transfers to milk and resists the high temperature during milk processing. This study evaluated the relationship between milk cortisol concentration (MCC) in commercial milk products and the temperature-humidity index (THI) at time of milk production. Eleven commercially produced pasteurized and sterilized milk products, purchased in Chuncheon, Korea, with production dates ranging from July to October 2021 were analyzed. The MCC was extracted using diethyl ether and analyzed using enzyme immunoassay. Average THI values based on microclimate data provided by the Korea Meteorological Administration were 77±0.8, 75±1.4, 69±1.4, and 58±1.8, in July, August, September, and October, respectively. The average MCC levels were 211.9±95.1, 173.5±63.8, 109.6±53.2, and 106.7±33.7 pg/mL in July, August, September, and October, respectively. MCC in July was higher than in August, September and October (p<0.05), while it was lower in September and October than in August (p<0.05). Significant variations in MCC were observed in commercial milk products across the four production months (p<0.05), except for two milk products. Overall, monitoring cortisol residue in commercial dairy milk products can be an alternative indicator of stress in dairy cattle of farms.

Keywords

commercial dairy milk product; cortisol residue; stress; temperature-humidity index

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Animal Science, Veterinary Science and Zoology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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