Chaudhari, A.; Wang, X.; Wu, A.; Liu, H. Repeated Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Light-Emitting Diodes Improves Psychomotor Vigilance and EEG Networks of the Human Brain. Bioengineering2023, 10, 1043.
Chaudhari, A.; Wang, X.; Wu, A.; Liu, H. Repeated Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Light-Emitting Diodes Improves Psychomotor Vigilance and EEG Networks of the Human Brain. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 1043.
Chaudhari, A.; Wang, X.; Wu, A.; Liu, H. Repeated Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Light-Emitting Diodes Improves Psychomotor Vigilance and EEG Networks of the Human Brain. Bioengineering2023, 10, 1043.
Chaudhari, A.; Wang, X.; Wu, A.; Liu, H. Repeated Transcranial Photobiomodulation with Light-Emitting Diodes Improves Psychomotor Vigilance and EEG Networks of the Human Brain. Bioengineering 2023, 10, 1043.
Abstract
Transcranial photobiomodulation (tPBM) has been suggested as a non-invasive neuromodulation tool. Repetitive administration of light-emitting diode (LED)-based tPBM for several weeks significantly improved human cognition. To understand the electrophysiological effects of LED-tPBM on the human brain, we investigated alterations by repeated tPBM in vigilance performance and brain networks using electroencephalography (EEG) in healthy participants. Active and sham LED-based tPBM were administered to the right forehead of young participants twice a week for four weeks. The participants performed a psychomotor vigilance task (PVT) during each tPBM/sham experiment. A 64-electrode EEG system recorded electrophysiological signals from each participant during the first and last visits in the 4-week study. Topographical maps of EEG power enhanced by tPBM were statistically compared for the repeated tPBM effect. A new data-processing framework combining the group singular value decompensation (gSVD) with eLORETA was implemented to identify EEG brain networks. The reaction time of PVT in the tPBM-treated group was significantly improved over four weeks compared to that in the sham group. We observed acute increases in EEG delta and alpha powers during 10-min LED-tPBM while the participants performed the PVT task. We also found that theta, beta, and gamma EEG powers significantly increased globally after four weeks of LED-tPBM. Combining gSVD with eLORETA enabled us to identify EEG brain networks and the corresponding network power changes by repeated 4-week tPBM. This study clearly demonstrated that 4-week prefrontal LED-tPBM can neuromodulate several key EEG networks, implying a possible causal effect between modulated brain networks and improved psychomotor vigilance outcomes.
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