Tóth, Á.D.; Hargitai, H.; Szabó, Á.I. Tribological Investigation of the Effect of Nanosized Transition Metal Oxides on a Base Oil Containing Overbased Calcium Sulfonate. Lubricants2023, 11, 337.
Tóth, Á.D.; Hargitai, H.; Szabó, Á.I. Tribological Investigation of the Effect of Nanosized Transition Metal Oxides on a Base Oil Containing Overbased Calcium Sulfonate. Lubricants 2023, 11, 337.
Tóth, Á.D.; Hargitai, H.; Szabó, Á.I. Tribological Investigation of the Effect of Nanosized Transition Metal Oxides on a Base Oil Containing Overbased Calcium Sulfonate. Lubricants2023, 11, 337.
Tóth, Á.D.; Hargitai, H.; Szabó, Á.I. Tribological Investigation of the Effect of Nanosized Transition Metal Oxides on a Base Oil Containing Overbased Calcium Sulfonate. Lubricants 2023, 11, 337.
Abstract
In this article, copper(II) oxide, titanium dioxide and yttrium(III) oxide nanoparticles were added to Group III type base oil formulated with overbased calcium sulfonate. The nano-sized oxides were treated with ethyl oleate surface modification. The tribological properties of the homogenized oil samples were tested on a linear oscillating tribometer. Friction was continuously monitored during the tribological tests. Surface analysis was performed on the worn samples: the amount of wear was determined using a digital optical and confocal microscope. The type of wear was examined with a scanning electron microscope, while the additives adhered to the surface were examined with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. From the results of the measurements, it can be concluded that the surface-modified nanoparticles worked well with the overbased calcium sulfonate and significantly reduced both wear and friction. In the present tribology system, the optimal concentration of all three oxide ceramic nanoadditives is 0.4 wt%. By using oxide nanoparticles, friction can be reduced by up to 15% and the wear volume by up to 77%. Overbased calcium sulfonate and oxide ceramic nanoparticles together form a lower friction anti-wear boundary layer on the worn surfaces. It is advisable to further investigate the possibility of formulating nanoparticles into the oil.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
