Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Expression of Immune-Related and Inflammatory Markers and Their Prognostic Impact in Colorectal Cancer Patients

Sanghyun An
ORCID logo ,
Soo-Ki Kim
ORCID logo ,
Hye Youn Kwon
,
Cheol Su Kim
ORCID logo ,
Hui-Jae Bang
,
Hyejin Do
,
BoRa Kim
,
Kwangmin Kim
* ORCID logo ,
Youngwan Kim
*
Version 1 : Received: 29 June 2023 / Approved: 30 June 2023 / Online: 30 June 2023 (07:18:45 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

An, S.; Kim, S.-K.; Kwon, H.Y.; Kim, C.S.; Bang, H.-J.; Do, H.; Kim, B.; Kim, K.; Kim, Y. Expression of Immune-Related and Inflammatory Markers and Their Prognostic Impact in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11579. An, S.; Kim, S.-K.; Kwon, H.Y.; Kim, C.S.; Bang, H.-J.; Do, H.; Kim, B.; Kim, K.; Kim, Y. Expression of Immune-Related and Inflammatory Markers and Their Prognostic Impact in Colorectal Cancer Patients. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 11579.

Abstract

The tumor microenvironment of colorectal cancer (CRC) is heterogenous; thus, it is likely that multiple immune-related and inflammatory markers are simultaneously expressed in the tumor. The aim of this study was to identify immune-related and inflammatory markers expressed in freshly frozen CRC tissues and to investigate whether they are related to the clinicopathological features and prognosis of CRC. Seventy patients with CRC who underwent curative surgical resection between December 2014 and January 2017 were included in this study. Tissue samples were obtained from tumor and non-tumor areas in the patients’ colons. The concentrations of immune-related markers (APRIL/TNFSF13, BAFF, LAG-3, PD-1, PD-L1, and CTLA-4) and inflammatory markers (CHIT, MMP-3, osteocalcin, pentraxin-3, sTNF-R1, and sTNF-R2) in the samples were measured using the Bio-plex Multiplex Immunoassay system. The concentrations of APRIL/TNFSF13, BAFF, and MMP-3 in the samples were significantly high; thus, we conducted analyses based on the cutoff values for these three markers. The high APRIL/TNFSH13 expression group showed a significantly higher rate of metastatic lesions than the low expression group, whereas the high MMP-3 expression group had higher CEA levels, more lymph node metastases, and more advanced disease stages than the low expression group. The five-year disease-free survival of the high MMP-3 expression group was significantly shorter than that of the low expression group (65.1% vs. 90.2%, p=0.033). This study provides evidence that the APRIL/TNFSF13, BAFF, and MMP-3 pathway is overexpressed CRC tissues and is associated with unfavorable clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in CRC patients. These markers could serve as diagnostic or prognostic biomarkers for CRC.

Keywords

Colorectal neoplasm; Biomarkers; Bioplex; Immune checkpoint proteins

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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