Version 1
: Received: 12 June 2023 / Approved: 13 June 2023 / Online: 13 June 2023 (03:38:41 CEST)
How to cite:
Gónzalez, M.; Al-Adib, M.; Rodríguez, A.B.; Carrasco, C. Menstrual-Related Disturbances Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Spanish Retrospective Observational Study in Formerly Menstruating Women. Preprints2023, 2023060871. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1
Gónzalez, M.; Al-Adib, M.; Rodríguez, A.B.; Carrasco, C. Menstrual-Related Disturbances Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Spanish Retrospective Observational Study in Formerly Menstruating Women. Preprints 2023, 2023060871. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1
Gónzalez, M.; Al-Adib, M.; Rodríguez, A.B.; Carrasco, C. Menstrual-Related Disturbances Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Spanish Retrospective Observational Study in Formerly Menstruating Women. Preprints2023, 2023060871. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1
APA Style
Gónzalez, M., Al-Adib, M., Rodríguez, A.B., & Carrasco, C. (2023). Menstrual-Related Disturbances Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Spanish Retrospective Observational Study in Formerly Menstruating Women. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Gónzalez, M., Ana Beatriz Rodríguez and Cristina Carrasco. 2023 "Menstrual-Related Disturbances Following SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: A Spanish Retrospective Observational Study in Formerly Menstruating Women" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202306.0871.v1
Abstract
To date, the impact of COVID-19 vaccination on formerly menstruating women remains unknown. For this reason, a retrospective observational cross-sectional study was conducted (N= 548) using an online survey. General characteristics, medical history, and adverse events following COVID-19 vaccination were recorded. In comparison with the first dose, significantly higher percentages of respondents experienced menstrual-related disturbances (dose 1: 38.5% vs. dose 2: 44.8%; McNemar=9.15; mid P-value=0.002), as well as the simultaneous occurrence of two or more of these symptoms (dose 1: 11.2% vs. dose 2: 15.3%; McNemar=13.53; mid P-value=0.044) after receiving the second one. Among them, those related with the length and flow stand out, being of long-term nature in about 17-20% of cases. Interindividual factors influencing this unexpected event after receiving the dose 1 may include weight (AOR 1.02, CI 95% 1.01–1.03, P<.001), perimenopause (AOR 2.28, CI 95% 1.37–3.77, P=.001), pre-existing diagnoses of non-autoimmune rheumatic/articular conditions (AOR 0.31, CI 95% 0.10–1.00, P=0.05), hormonal contraceptive use (AOR 0.25, CI 95% 0.07-0.82, P=0.02), suffering from other vaccine side effects − such as arm pain (AOR 0.61, CI 95% 0.39–0.95, P=0.03), headache (AOR 0.53, CI 95% 0.35 – 0.80, P=.003), swollen glands (AOR 0.29, CI 95% 0.15 – 0.60, P=.001) and nauseas (AOR 0.35, CI 95% 0.14 – 0.86, P=0.02) – and the number of previous pregnancies (AOR 2.70, CI 95% 1.54 – 4.76, P=.001). Formerly menstruating women may experience long-term menstrual-related disturbances following COVID-19 vaccination.
Public Health and Healthcare, Public, Environmental and Occupational Health
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
