Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Resistance and Biofilm Production Profile of Potential Pathogens Isolated from kpètè kpètè Used to Produce Traditional Fermented Beer in Benin

Christine N'Tcha
,
Haziz Sina
,
Dyana Ndiade Bourobou
,
Ismaël M. S. Hoteyi
,
Bawa Boya
ORCID logo ,
Raul Agnimonhan
,
Jacques François Mavoungou
,
Adolphe Adjanohoun
,
Olubukola Oluranti Babalola
* ORCID logo ,
Lamine Baba-Moussa
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 26 May 2023 / Approved: 30 May 2023 / Online: 30 May 2023 (04:02:20 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

N’Tcha, C.; Sina, H.; Bourobou, D.N.; Hoteyi, S.M.I.; Boya, B.; Agnimonhan, R.; Mavoungou, J.F.; Adjanohoun, A.; Babalola, O.O.; Baba-Moussa, L. Resistance and Biofilm Production Profile of Potential Isolated from kpètè-kpètè Used to Produce Traditional Fermented Beer. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1939. N’Tcha, C.; Sina, H.; Bourobou, D.N.; Hoteyi, S.M.I.; Boya, B.; Agnimonhan, R.; Mavoungou, J.F.; Adjanohoun, A.; Babalola, O.O.; Baba-Moussa, L. Resistance and Biofilm Production Profile of Potential Isolated from kpètè-kpètè Used to Produce Traditional Fermented Beer. Microorganisms 2023, 11, 1939.

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the pathogenicity of the bacteria isolated and characterized from the kpètè kpètè used to produce two fermented beers in Benin. Species were identified by specific biochemical tests such as catalase, coagulase, and API 20 E. Antibiotic sensitivity was tested according to the French Society of Microbiology Antibiogram Committee. The crystal violet microplate technique and conventional PCR evaluated biofilm production to identify genes encoding virulence and macrolide resistance. Our data shows that Kpètè Kpètè used to produce beers are contaminated by Enterobacteriaceae species (Klebsiella terrigena, Enterobacter aerogens, Providencia rettgeri, Chryseomonas luteola, Serratia rubidae, and Enterobacter cloacae) and Staphylococcus spp. These multidrug-resistant strains can produce biofilms with a strong predominance of Enterobacter aerogens, Klebsiella terrigena (100%), and Staphylococcus spp (60%). Enterobacter cloacae (4%) and Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (5.55%) harbor the macrolide resistance gene. For other strains, these genes were not detected. Foods contaminated with bacteria resistant to antibiotics and carrying a virulence gene could constitute a potential public health problem. There is a need to increase awareness campaigns on hygiene rules in preparing and selling these traditional beers.

Keywords

Kpètè Kpètè; microbiological contaminant; Enterobacteria; resistance genes; Staphylococcus spp

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Life Sciences

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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