Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System

Version 1 : Received: 23 May 2023 / Approved: 24 May 2023 / Online: 24 May 2023 (04:07:33 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Saggese, A.; Baccigalupi, L.; Donadio, G.; Ricca, E.; Isticato, R. The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 10880. Saggese, A.; Baccigalupi, L.; Donadio, G.; Ricca, E.; Isticato, R. The Bacterial Spore as a Mucosal Vaccine Delivery System. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 10880.

Abstract

The development of efficient mucosal vaccines is strongly dependent on the use of appropriate vectors. Various biological systems or synthetic nanoparticles have been proposed to display and deliver antigens to mucosal surfaces. The Bacillus spore, a metabolically quiescent and extremely resistant cell, has also been proposed as a mucosal vaccine delivery system and shown able to conjugate the advantages of live and synthetic systems. Several antigens have been displayed on the spore by either recombinant or non-recombinant approaches, and antigen-specific immune responses have been observed in animals immunized by the oral or nasal route. Here we review the use of the bacterial spore as a mucosal vaccine vehicle focusing on the advantages and drawbacks of using the spore and of the recombinant vs. non-recombinant approach to display antigens on the spore surface. An overview of the immune responses induced by antigen-displaying spores so far tested in animals is presented and discussed.

Keywords

spores; mucosal vaccines; vaccine delivery; Bacillus subtilis; Spore surface display.

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

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