Moura, C.A.; Quintino, L.; Rossi-Torres, F. Analyzing the Time Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos to Constrain Their Effective Mass or Lorentz Invariance Violation. Universe2023, 9, 259.
Moura, C.A.; Quintino, L.; Rossi-Torres, F. Analyzing the Time Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos to Constrain Their Effective Mass or Lorentz Invariance Violation. Universe 2023, 9, 259.
Moura, C.A.; Quintino, L.; Rossi-Torres, F. Analyzing the Time Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos to Constrain Their Effective Mass or Lorentz Invariance Violation. Universe2023, 9, 259.
Moura, C.A.; Quintino, L.; Rossi-Torres, F. Analyzing the Time Spectrum of Supernova Neutrinos to Constrain Their Effective Mass or Lorentz Invariance Violation. Universe 2023, 9, 259.
Abstract
We analyze the expected arrival time spectrum of supernova neutrinos using simulated luminosity and computing the expected number of events in future detectors such as the DUNE Far Detector and Hyper-Kamiokande. We develop a general method using minimum square statistics that can compute the sensitivity to any variable affecting neutrino time of flight. We apply this method in two different situations: First, we compare the time spectrum changes due to different neutrino mass values to put limits in electron (anti)neutrino effective mass. Second, we constrain Lorentz Invariance Violation through the mass scale, MQG, at which it would occur. We consider two main neutrino detection techniques: 1. DUNE-like liquid argon TPC, for which the main detection channel is νe+40Ar→e−+40K*, related to the supernova neutronization burst, and 2. HyperK-like water Cherenkov detector, for which ν¯e+p→e++n is the main detection channel. We consider a fixed supernova distance of 10 kpc and two different masses of the progenitor star: (i) 15 M⊙ with neutrino emission time up to 0.3 s and (ii) 11.2 M⊙ with neutrino emission time up to 10 s. The best mass limits at 3σ are of O(1) eV. For νe, the best limit comes from a DUNE-like detector if the mass ordering happens to be inverted. For ν¯e, the best limit comes from a HyperK-like detector. The best limit for the Lorentz Invariance Violation mass scale at 3σ level, considering superluminal or subluminal effect, is MQG≳1013 GeV (MQG≳5×105 GeV) for linear (quadratic) energy dependence.
Keywords
neutrino; supernova; Lorentz Invariance violation; mass
Subject
Physical Sciences, Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
