Schvarzstein, M.; Alam, F.; Toure, M.; Yanowitz, J.L. An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease. J. Dev. Biol.2023, 11, 26.
Schvarzstein, M.; Alam, F.; Toure, M.; Yanowitz, J.L. An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease. J. Dev. Biol. 2023, 11, 26.
Schvarzstein, M.; Alam, F.; Toure, M.; Yanowitz, J.L. An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease. J. Dev. Biol.2023, 11, 26.
Schvarzstein, M.; Alam, F.; Toure, M.; Yanowitz, J.L. An Emerging Animal Model for Querying the Role of Whole Genome Duplication in Development, Evolution, and Disease. J. Dev. Biol. 2023, 11, 26.
Abstract
Whole genome duplication (WGD) or polyploidization can occur at the cellular, tissue, and organismal levels. At the cellular level, tetraploidization has been proposed as a driver of aneuploidy and genome instability, and correlates strongly with cancer progression, metastasis, and development of drugs resistance[1–6]. WGD is also a key developmental strategy for regulating cell size, metabolism, and cellular function[1,7–10]. In specific tissues, WGD is involved in normal development (e.g. organogenesis), tissue homeostasis, wound healing, and regeneration[10–17]. At the organismal level, WGD propels evolutionary processes such as adaptation[18], speciation[19], and crop domestication[20]. An essential strategy to further our understanding of the mechanisms promoting WGD and its effects is to compare isogenic strains that differ only in their ploidy. Caenorhabditis elegans (C. elegans) is emerging as an animal model for these comparisons, in part because relatively stable and fertile tetraploid strains can be produced rapidly from nearly any diploid strain[7]. Here we review the use of Caenorhabditis polyploids as tools to understand important developmental processes (e.g. sex determination, dosage compensation, and allometric relationships)[21–27] and cellular processes (e.g. cell cycle regulation, chromosome dynamics during meiosis)[28–32]. We also discuss how the unique characteristics of the C. elegans WGD model will enable significant advances in our understanding of mechanisms of polyploidization and its role in development and disease.
Keywords
Whole genome duplication; tetraploidy; polyploidy; aneuploidy; Caenorhabditis; WGD model (List three to ten pertinent keywords specific to the article yet reasonably common within the subject discipline.)
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Cell and Developmental Biology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.