Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Conjunctive Analyses of BSA-Seq and BSR-Seq to Identify Candidate Genes Controlling the Black Lemma and Pericarp Trait in Barley

Yajie Liu
ORCID logo ,
Pengzheng Chen
,
Wenshuo Li
,
Xinchun Liu
,
Guowu Yu
,
Hui Zhao
,
Shuhua Zeng
,
Mao Li
,
Genlou Sun
* ORCID logo ,
Zongyun Feng
*
Version 1 : Received: 24 April 2023 / Approved: 25 April 2023 / Online: 25 April 2023 (09:40:08 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Liu, Y.; Chen, P.; Li, W.; Liu, X.; Yu, G.; Zhao, H.; Zeng, S.; Li, M.; Sun, G.; Feng, Z. Conjunctive Analyses of BSA-Seq and BSR-Seq to Identify Candidate Genes Controlling the Black Lemma and Pericarp Trait in Barley. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9473. Liu, Y.; Chen, P.; Li, W.; Liu, X.; Yu, G.; Zhao, H.; Zeng, S.; Li, M.; Sun, G.; Feng, Z. Conjunctive Analyses of BSA-Seq and BSR-Seq to Identify Candidate Genes Controlling the Black Lemma and Pericarp Trait in Barley. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2023, 24, 9473.

Abstract

Black barley seeds are a health-beneficial diet resource because of their special chemical composition and antioxidant properties. The black lemma and pericarp (BLP) locus was mapped in a genetic interval of 0.807 Mb on chromosome 1H, but its genetic basis remains unknown. In this study, targeted metabolomics and conjunctive analyses of BSA-seq and BSR-seq were used to identify candidate genes of BLP and the precursors of black pigments. The results revealed that five differentially expressed genes identified on the 1H chromosome were candidate genes of the BLP locus, and 17 differential metabolites, including the precursor and repeating unit of allomelanin, were accumulated in the grain-filling stage of black barley. Phenol nitrogen-free precursors such as catechol (protocatechuic aldehyde) or catecholic acids (caffeic, protocatechuic, and gallic acids) may promote black pigmentation. BLP can manipulate the accumulation of benzoic acid derivatives (salicylic acid, 2,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, gallic acid, gentisic acid, protocatechuic acid, syringic acid, vanillic acid, protocatechuic aldehyde, and syringaldehyde) through the shikimate/chorismite pathway other than the phenylalanine pathway and alter the metabolism of the phenylpropanoid-monolignol branch. Collectively, it is reasonable to infer that black pigmentation in barley is due to allomelanin biosynthesis in lemma and pericarp, and BLP regulates melanogenesis by manipulating the biosynthesis of its precursors.

Keywords

allomelanin; high throughput sequencing; bulk segregation analysis; benzoic acids derivates; barley

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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