Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines

K Swetha
,
Niranjan G Kotla
,
Lakshmi Tunki
ORCID logo ,
Arya Jayaraj
,
Suresh K. Bhargava
ORCID logo ,
Haitao Hu
,
Srinivasa Reddy Bonam
* ORCID logo ,
Rajendra Kurapati
*
Version 1 : Received: 7 February 2023 / Approved: 8 February 2023 / Online: 8 February 2023 (09:55:30 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Swetha, K.; Kotla, N.G.; Tunki, L.; Jayaraj, A.; Bhargava, S.K.; Hu, H.; Bonam, S.R.; Kurapati, R. Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines. Vaccines 2023, 11, 658. Swetha, K.; Kotla, N.G.; Tunki, L.; Jayaraj, A.; Bhargava, S.K.; Hu, H.; Bonam, S.R.; Kurapati, R. Recent Advances in the Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of mRNA Vaccines. Vaccines 2023, 11, 658.

Abstract

In the recent days, lipid nanoparticles have been successfully emerged as one of the most advanced technology for highly efficient in vivo delivery of exogenous mRNA, especially for delivery of COVID-19 vaccines. For the vaccines to be successful or protective, they require highly efficient mRNA delivery systems. However, developing effective, translatable vaccines with better safety against some of the SARS‐CoV‐2 variants is still a challenge. Lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are composed of four different types of lipids including ionizable lipids, helper or neutral lipids, cholesterol and polyethylene glycol (PEG) attached lipids. In this review, we present recent advancements and insights in designing the advanced LNPs and their composition and properties, with a subsequent discussion on the development of COVID-19 vaccines. In particular, as the ionizable lipids are most important drivers for complexing the mRNA and in vivo delivery, the role of ionizable lipids in mRNA vaccines discussed in detail. Furthermore, the use of LNPs as effective delivery vehicles for vaccination, genome editing, and protein replacement therapy were discussed. Finally, expert opinion of LNPs for mRNA vaccines were discussed which might address the future challenges in the development of mRNA vaccines employing highly efficient LNPs using novel set of ionizable lipids.

Keywords

vaccine; mRNA; COVID 19; lipid nanoparticles

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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