Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

XENOFOOD-An Autoclaved Feed Supplement Containing Autoclavable Antimicrobial Peptides-Exerts Anticoccidial GI Activity, and Causes Bursa Enlargement, but Has No Detectable Harmful Effects in Broiler Cockerels despite In Vitro Cytotoxic Ingredients

ANDRÁS FODOR
* ,
Tibor Vellai
,
Claudia Hess
ORCID logo ,
Petra Ganes
,
László Makrai
* ,
Károly Dublecz
ORCID logo ,
László Pál
ORCID logo ,
Andor Molnár
,
László Fodor
ORCID logo ,
Sándor Józsa
,
Csaba Pintér
,
Michael Gardner Klein
* ,
Eustachio Tarasco
ORCID logo ,
Michael Hess
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 23 January 2023 / Approved: 27 January 2023 / Online: 27 January 2023 (06:21:56 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Fodor, A.; Vellai, T.; Hess, C.; Makrai, L.; Dublecz, K.; Pál, L.; Molnár, A.; Klein, M.G.; Tarasco, E.; Józsa, S.; Ganas, P.; Hess, M. XENOFOOD—An Autoclaved Feed Supplement Containing Autoclavable Antimicrobial Peptides—Exerts Anticoccidial GI Activity, and Causes Bursa Enlargement, but Has No Detectable Harmful Effects in Broiler Cockerels despite In Vitro Detectable Cytotoxicity on LHM Cells. Pathogens 2023, 12, 458. Fodor, A.; Vellai, T.; Hess, C.; Makrai, L.; Dublecz, K.; Pál, L.; Molnár, A.; Klein, M.G.; Tarasco, E.; Józsa, S.; Ganas, P.; Hess, M. XENOFOOD—An Autoclaved Feed Supplement Containing Autoclavable Antimicrobial Peptides—Exerts Anticoccidial GI Activity, and Causes Bursa Enlargement, but Has No Detectable Harmful Effects in Broiler Cockerels despite In Vitro Detectable Cytotoxicity on LHM Cells. Pathogens 2023, 12, 458.

Abstract

Whether the different NR-AMPs could ever be utilized as drugs not only against prokaryotic (bacteria) pathogens but eukaryotic (fungal pathogens, and parasitic protists) depends on the side effects. To get experimental experience about the option of applying EPB-produced antimicrobials to pathogens, and parasites of veterinary significance, we present here the results of an in vitro, and an accompanying in vivo study on chicken. In the in vitro study, we tested the cytotoxic potential of the cell-free conditioned culture media (CFCM) of three entomopathogenic bacterium species, - X. budapestensis, DSM16342 (EMA); X. szentirmaii DSM16338 (EMC); Photorhabdus luminescens ssp. akhurstii TT01 - on chicken tissue culture cells, namely, on the Leghorn Male Hepatoma (LMH), [92] cells, (a permanent confluent hepato-carcinoma cell line). Each CFCM proved rather cytotoxic in this test. In the in vivo study, we fed freshly hatched male broiler chickens for 42 days with XENOFOOD [39] which contained autoclaved cultures of EMA, and EMC). These bacteria were grown on standard chicken (starter and grower) [HM3] [u4] feed, and the whole culture was used as a “food supplement”. [HM5]. It had been known that these EPB species cannot grow that is, not viable) atbody temperature (above 33 C).

Keywords

multidrug resistance; MDR; EPB (Xenorhabdus; (X. budapestensis; X. szentirmaii; X. innexii); and Photorhabdus) species); CFCM (cell-free conditioned media); NR-AMP (non-ribosomal-templated antimicrobial peptides); anti-microbial; (anti-bacterial; - anti-coccidial; -anti-protist; - activity; cytotoxicity; in vitro; in situ (local) bioavailablity; XENOFOOD; allometry

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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