Version 1
: Received: 24 January 2023 / Approved: 25 January 2023 / Online: 25 January 2023 (10:55:41 CET)
Version 2
: Received: 4 March 2023 / Approved: 6 March 2023 / Online: 6 March 2023 (13:52:22 CET)
Holroyd, N.A.; Walsh, C.; Gourmet, L.; Walker-Samuel, S. Quantitative Image Processing for Three-Dimensional Episcopic Images of Biological Structures: Current State and Future Directions. Biomedicines2023, 11, 909.
Holroyd, N.A.; Walsh, C.; Gourmet, L.; Walker-Samuel, S. Quantitative Image Processing for Three-Dimensional Episcopic Images of Biological Structures: Current State and Future Directions. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 909.
Holroyd, N.A.; Walsh, C.; Gourmet, L.; Walker-Samuel, S. Quantitative Image Processing for Three-Dimensional Episcopic Images of Biological Structures: Current State and Future Directions. Biomedicines2023, 11, 909.
Holroyd, N.A.; Walsh, C.; Gourmet, L.; Walker-Samuel, S. Quantitative Image Processing for Three-Dimensional Episcopic Images of Biological Structures: Current State and Future Directions. Biomedicines 2023, 11, 909.
Abstract
Episcopic imaging using techniques such as High Resolution Episcopic Microscopy (HREM) and its variants, allows biological samples to be visualized in three dimensional over a large field of view. Quantitative analysis of these images is undertaken using a range of methods. In this systematic review, we look at trends in quantitative analysis of episcopic images and discuss avenues for further research. Papers published between 2011 and 2022 were analyzed for details about quantitative analysis approaches, methods of image annotation and choice of image processing software. It is shown that quantitative processing is becoming more common in episcopic microscopy and that manual annotation is the predominant method of image analysis. Our meta-analysis highlights where tools and methods still require development in this field, and we discuss what this means for the future of quantitative episcopic imaging, as well as how annotation and quantification may be automated and standardized across the field.
Keywords
episcopic; annotation; quantification
Subject
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
