Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

The Role of CHI3L1 Plasmatic Levels in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis

Alessandro Bombaci
* ORCID logo ,
Umberto Manera
,
Giovanni De Marco
,
Federico Casale
ORCID logo ,
Paolina Salamone
ORCID logo ,
Giuseppe Fuda
,
Giulia Marchese
,
Barbara Iazzolino
,
Laura Peotta
,
Cristina Moglia
ORCID logo ,
Andrea Calvo
ORCID logo ,
Adriano Chiò
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 29 December 2022 / Approved: 4 January 2023 / Online: 4 January 2023 (11:02:27 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Bombaci, A.; Manera, U.; De Marco, G.; Casale, F.; Salamone, P.; Fuda, G.; Marchese, G.; Iazzolino, B.; Peotta, L.; Moglia, C.; Calvo, A.; Chiò, A. Plasma CHI3L1 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Potential Differential Diagnostic Biomarker. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 2367. Bombaci, A.; Manera, U.; De Marco, G.; Casale, F.; Salamone, P.; Fuda, G.; Marchese, G.; Iazzolino, B.; Peotta, L.; Moglia, C.; Calvo, A.; Chiò, A. Plasma CHI3L1 in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Potential Differential Diagnostic Biomarker. J. Clin. Med. 2023, 12, 2367.

Abstract

(1) Background: Motor neuron diseases (MNDs) are fatal neurodegenerative diseases. Biomarkers could help in defining patients’ prognosis and stratification. Beyond neurofilaments, chitinases are a promising family of possible biomarker, which correlate with neuroinflammatory status. We evaluated plasmatic levels of CHI3L1 in MNDs, MND mimics and healthy controls (HCs); (2) Methods: We used Sandwich ELISA to quantify CHI3L1 in plasma samples from 44 MNDs, 7 HSP, 9 MND mimics and 19 HCs. We collect also ALSFRSr scale, MRC scale, spirometry, mutational status, progression rate (PR), blood sampling, neuropsychological evaluation; (3) Results: Plasma levels of CHI3L1 resulted to be different among groups (p= 0.005). Particularly, MND mimics showed higher CHI3L1 levels compared to MNDs and HCs. CHI3LI levels did not differ among PMA, PLS and ALS and we do not find correlation among CHI3L1 levels and clinical scores, spirometry parameters, PR, and neuropsychological features. Of note, red blood cells count and haemoglobin correlated with CHI3L1 levels (respectively, p<0.001, r=0.63; p= 0.022, r=0.52); (4) Conclusions: CHI3L1 plasma levels resulted to be increased in the MND mimics cohort when compared to MNDs. The increase of CHI3L1 in neuroinflammatory processes could explain our findings. We confirmed that CHI3L1 plasma levels did not differentiate between ALS and HCs and nor correlate with neuropsychological impairment.

Keywords

ALS; HSP; chitinases; biomarker; differential diagnosis; early diagnosis; cognitive impairment; MND mimics; red blood cells; haemoglobin

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Neuroscience and Neurology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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