Version 1
: Received: 5 December 2022 / Approved: 6 December 2022 / Online: 6 December 2022 (08:51:05 CET)
How to cite:
Bekkouche, S.M.E.A.; Djeffal, R.; Cherier, M.K.; Hamdani, M.; Younsi, Z.; Al-Saadi, S.; Zaiani, M. An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal and Economic Performance of PCM-Embedded Hybrid Water Heater under Saharan Climate. Preprints2022, 2022120095. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0095.v1
Bekkouche, S.M.E.A.; Djeffal, R.; Cherier, M.K.; Hamdani, M.; Younsi, Z.; Al-Saadi, S.; Zaiani, M. An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal and Economic Performance of PCM-Embedded Hybrid Water Heater under Saharan Climate. Preprints 2022, 2022120095. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0095.v1
Bekkouche, S.M.E.A.; Djeffal, R.; Cherier, M.K.; Hamdani, M.; Younsi, Z.; Al-Saadi, S.; Zaiani, M. An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal and Economic Performance of PCM-Embedded Hybrid Water Heater under Saharan Climate. Preprints2022, 2022120095. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0095.v1
APA Style
Bekkouche, S.M.E.A., Djeffal, R., Cherier, M.K., Hamdani, M., Younsi, Z., Al-Saadi, S., & Zaiani, M. (2022). An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal and Economic Performance of PCM-Embedded Hybrid Water Heater under Saharan Climate. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0095.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Bekkouche, S.M.E.A., Saleh Al-Saadi and Mohamed Zaiani. 2022 "An Experimental Investigation of the Thermal and Economic Performance of PCM-Embedded Hybrid Water Heater under Saharan Climate" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202212.0095.v1
Abstract
The solar water heater must be integrated into future residential buildings as the main energy source, which will subsequently reduce the energy cost of water heating. An original configuration for efficient Domestic Hot Water "DHW" storage tank is developed and experimentally evaluated under Saharan climate. This novel DHW configuration includes a hybrid (solar and electric) energy system with a flat plate solar collector coupled with an electric heater. Additionally, phase change material "PCM" mixture that is composed of paraffin wax and animal fat with a melting temperature between 35.58°C and 62.58°C and latent heat between 180 and 210 kJ/kg is integrated into this novel tank configuration. The experimental results indicated that hot water production by using latent heat storage could be economically attractive. In this proposed configuration, one liter of hot water may cost around 0.1362 DZD/liter (i.e., 0.00096 US$/liter) compared to 0.4431 DZD/liter for the conventional water heater, an average energy cost savings of 69.26%. On a yearly basis, the average energy cost savings may reach up to 80.25% if optimal tilt for the solar collector is adopted on a monthly basis. The flat plate collector may be vulnerable to convective heat transfer, and therefore, other solar collectors such as vacuum tube collectors may provide enhanced energy performance.
Keywords
hybrid DHW system; water heater; PCM; melting temperature; latent heat storage; produced water cost
Subject
Engineering, Energy and Fuel Technology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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