Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Entomological, Epidemiological, and Climatological Investigation of the 2019 Dengue Fever Outbreak in Gewane District, Afar Region, North-East Ethiopia

Version 1 : Received: 17 August 2022 / Approved: 19 August 2022 / Online: 19 August 2022 (05:52:42 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Mekuriaw, W.; Kinde, S.; Kindu, B.; Mulualem, Y.; Hailu, G.; Gebre-silassie, A.; Sisay, C.; Bekele, F.; Amare, H.; Wossen, M.; et al. Epidemiological, Entomological, and Climatological Investigation of the 2019 Dengue Fever Outbreak in Gewane District, Afar Region, North-East Ethiopia. Insects 2022, 13, x. https://doi.org/10.3390/xxxxx Mekuriaw, W.; Kinde, S.; Kindu, B.; Mulualem, Y.; Hailu, G.; Gebre-silassie, A.; Sisay, C.; Bekele, F.; Amare, H.; Wossen, M.; et al. Epidemiological, Entomological, and Climatological Investigation of the 2019 Dengue Fever Outbreak in Gewane District, Afar Region, North-East Ethiopia. Insects 2022, 13, x. https://doi.org/10.3390/xxxxx

Abstract

Dengue Fever (DF) is an important arthropod-borne viral infection, which has repeatedly oc-curred as outbreaks in eastern and northeastern Ethiopia since 2013. A cross-sectional epidemio-logical outbreak investigation was carried out from September - November 2019 on febrile pa-tients (confirmed malaria negative) who presented with suspected and confirmed DF at both public and private health facilities in Gewane District, Afar Region, northeastern Ethiopia. Ento-mological investigation of containers found in randomly selected houses belonging to DF positive patients was undertaken, to survey for the presence of Aedes larvae or pupae. A total of 1185 DF cases was recorded from six heath facilities during the 3-month study period. The mean age of DF cases was 27.2 years and 42.7% of the cases were female. The most affected age group was 15-49 years (78.98%). However, the attack rate (AR) was highest in the 49+ age group (134.2). A total of 162 artificial containers were inspected from 62 houses, with 49.4% found positive for Aedes larva/pupae. Aedes mosquitoes were mostly found breeding in buckets/bowls, clay jars, plastic tanks, and tires. World Health Organization entomological indices classified the study site as high risk for dengue outbreaks (House Index=45.2%, Container Index=49.4% and Breteau In-dex=129). Study findings highlight the importance of vector control to prevent future dengue out-breaks in the region. The scarcity of drinking water and changing climactic conditions may have also contributed to the occurrence of this outbreak.

Keywords

Dengue Fever; Arbovirus; Aedes aegypti; Ethiopia; Climate

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Insect Science

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