Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Pneumococcal Carriage in Infants Post-PCV10 Introduction in Pakistan: Results from Serial Cross-Sectional Surveys

Amala Khan
,
Shahira Shahid
,
Muhammad Imran Nisar
* ORCID logo ,
Farah Khalid
,
Muhammad Farrukh Qazi
,
Sheraz Ahmed
,
Furqan Kabir
,
Aneeta Hotwani
,
Sahrish Muneer
,
Syed Asad Ali
,
Cynthia G. Whitney
,
Anita K.M. Zaidi
,
Fyezah Jehan
Version 1 : Received: 23 May 2022 / Approved: 24 May 2022 / Online: 24 May 2022 (04:50:14 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Shahid, S.; Khan, A.; Nisar, M.I.; Khalid, F.; Qazi, M.F.; Ahmed, S.; Kabir, F.; Hotwani, A.; Muneer, S.; Ali, S.A.; Whitney, C.G.; Zaidi, A.K.M.; Jehan, F. Pneumococcal Carriage in Infants Post-PCV10 Introduction in Pakistan: Results from Serial Cross-Sectional Surveys. Vaccines 2022, 10, 971. Shahid, S.; Khan, A.; Nisar, M.I.; Khalid, F.; Qazi, M.F.; Ahmed, S.; Kabir, F.; Hotwani, A.; Muneer, S.; Ali, S.A.; Whitney, C.G.; Zaidi, A.K.M.; Jehan, F. Pneumococcal Carriage in Infants Post-PCV10 Introduction in Pakistan: Results from Serial Cross-Sectional Surveys. Vaccines 2022, 10, 971.

Abstract

The 10-valent pneumococcal vaccine was introduced in Pakistan’s Expanded Program on Immunization (EPI) in 2013 as a 3+0 schedule without catchup. We conducted three annual cross-sectional surveys from 2014-2016 to measure vaccine-type (VT) carriage in infants from a rural part of Pakistan. Nasopharyngeal specimens were collected by random sampling of infants from 2 union councils of Matiari. Samples were then transported to Infectious Disease Research Laboratory (IDRL) at the Aga Khan University within 6-8 hours of collection. Serotypes were established using sequential multiplex PCR. Of the 665 children enrolled across three surveys, 547 were culture positive for pneumococcus. VT carriage decreased from 21·8% in 2014 to 12·7% in 2016 (p-value for trend <0·001). Those who were not vaccinated or partially vaccinated were found to be at higher risk of carrying a VT serotype (aOR 2·53, 95% CI 1·39, 4·63 for non-vaccinated) and (aOR 3·35, 95% CI 1·82, 6·16 for partially vaccinated). On the other hand, being enrolled in the most recent survey was negatively associated with VT-carriage (aOR 0·51, 95% CI 0·28, 0·93). We found that PCV10 was effective in decreasing the carriage of vaccine-type serotypes in Pakistani infants.

Keywords

Streptococcus pneumoniae; 10-valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine; Pakistan

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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