Preprint Article Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Observational Pilot Study: A comparison of Amino Acids and Derangement of Intestinal Function between Healthy Ageing Subjects and Patients Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease in Conservative Management

Piergiorgio Bolasco
* ORCID logo ,
Roberto Aquilani
,
Roberto Maestri
,
Maria Paola Esposito
,
Maria Luisa Deiana
,
Mariella Cadeddu
,
Romina Secci
,
Barbara Casu
,
Antonella Serra
,
Paolo Iadarola
,
Maura D'Amato
ORCID logo ,
Stefano Murtas
Version 1 : Received: 24 January 2022 / Approved: 25 January 2022 / Online: 25 January 2022 (08:57:05 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 27 January 2022 / Approved: 27 January 2022 / Online: 27 January 2022 (15:48:16 CET)

How to cite: Bolasco, P.; Aquilani, R.; Maestri, R.; Esposito, M.P.; Deiana, M.L.; Cadeddu, M.; Secci, R.; Casu, B.; Serra, A.; Iadarola, P.; D'Amato, M.; Murtas, S. Observational Pilot Study: A comparison of Amino Acids and Derangement of Intestinal Function between Healthy Ageing Subjects and Patients Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease in Conservative Management. Preprints 2022, 2022010371. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202201.0371.v2. Bolasco, P.; Aquilani, R.; Maestri, R.; Esposito, M.P.; Deiana, M.L.; Cadeddu, M.; Secci, R.; Casu, B.; Serra, A.; Iadarola, P.; D'Amato, M.; Murtas, S. Observational Pilot Study: A comparison of Amino Acids and Derangement of Intestinal Function between Healthy Ageing Subjects and Patients Affected by Chronic Kidney Disease in Conservative Management. Preprints 2022, 2022010371. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202201.0371.v2.

Abstract

Background: A comparison of the amino acid (AA) plasma profile and markers of intestinal absorption-inflammation between healthy subjects aged 65-70 years and age-matched patients affected by stage 3b-4 chronic kidney disease (CKD3b-4) was performed. Methods: eleven healthy volunteers were compared with 12 CKD3b-4 patients at their first outpatient control (T0) and after 12-months (T12). Adherence to a low protein diet (LPD, 0.6±0.1 g/kg/day) was assessed by Urea Nitrogen Appearance. The following parameters were assessed: renal function, nutritional parameters, bioelectrical impedance analysis, plasma levels of 20 total aminoacids (TAAs), both essential (EAAs) including branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs) and non-essential (NEAAs). Zonulin and faecal Calprotectin markers were used to evaluate intestinal permeability/inflammation. Results: Four patients dropped out of the study; in the remaining 8 residual kidney function (RKF) remained stable, their LPD adherence had risen to 0.89g/kg/day, anaemia had worsened and extracellular body fluid had increased. In comparison to healthy subjects, TAA levels of histidine, arginine, asparagine, threonine, glycine, and glutamine had all increased. No variation in BCAAs was observed. A significant increase was detected in faecal calprotectin and zonulin levels in CKD patients as the disease progressed. Conclusions: This study confirms the finding in aged patients of an alteration in levels of several AAs secondary to uraemia. Intestinal markers provide confirmation of a relevant alteration to the intestinal function in CKD patients.

Keywords

Chronic Kidney Disease; aminoacids; Dysbiosis; metabolic disorders

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Food Science and Technology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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