Working Paper Article Version 1 This version is not peer-reviewed

# On the Role of Cosmic Mass in Understanding the Relationships among Galactic Dark Matter, Visible Matter and Flat Rotation Speeds

Version 1 : Received: 7 August 2021 / Approved: 9 August 2021 / Online: 9 August 2021 (09:16:42 CEST)

How to cite: Seshavatharam, U.; Lakshminarayana, S. On the Role of Cosmic Mass in Understanding the Relationships among Galactic Dark Matter, Visible Matter and Flat Rotation Speeds. Preprints 2021, 2021080184 Seshavatharam, U.; Lakshminarayana, S. On the Role of Cosmic Mass in Understanding the Relationships among Galactic Dark Matter, Visible Matter and Flat Rotation Speeds. Preprints 2021, 2021080184

## Abstract

With reference to our recently proposed Planck Scale White Hole Cosmology (PS-WHC) or Flat Space Cosmology (PS-FSC), we make an attempt to quantify galactic dark matter and flat rotation speeds in terms of galactic visible matter and cosmic mass. Considering recently observed dwarf galaxies having very little dark matter and assuming a time dependent reference mass unit of $M_X\cong \left(\mbox{3.0 to 4.0}\right)\times 10^{38}$ kg, we suggest an empirical relation for galactic dark matter $M_d$ via galactic visible mass $M_v$ as,$M_d \cong \frac{M_v^{3/2}}{M_X^{1/2}}$. This relation helps in fitting flat rotation speeds starting from 8 km/sec (for Segue 2) to 500 km/sec (for UGC12591). Modifying MOND's galactic flat rotation speed relation with Hubble mass $M_0\cong \left(\frac{c^3}{2GH_0}\right)$ of the universe, ratio of galactic flat rotation speed $V_G$ to speed of light $c$ can be shown to be approximately $\frac{V_G}{c} \cong 0.5 \left(\frac{M_v}{M_0}\right)^{1/4}$. Considering the sum of galactic dark matter and visible matter, ratio of galactic flat rotation speed to speed of light can be shown to be approximately $\frac{V_G}{c}\cong 0.25 \left(\frac{M_v+M_d}{M_0}\right)^{1/4}$. With further study, dark matter's nature, effect and distribution can be understood in terms of visible matter's extended gravity and extended theories of gravity can be understood with 'distance cosmic mass' rather than the empirical 'minimum acceleration'.

## Keywords

Planck mass; Mach’s principle; distance cosmic mass; galactic visible mass; galactic dark mass; galactic flat rotation speeds; time dependent reference mass;

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