Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Use of the Acrylonitrile Haemoglobin Adduct N‑(2‑cyanoethyl)valine as a Biomarker Of Compliance in Smokers Switching to Tobacco Heating Products

Oscar M. Camacho
* ORCID logo ,
Michael McEwan
* ,
Nathan Gale
ORCID logo ,
Nikola Pluym
,
Max Scherer
,
George Hardie
,
James Murphy
Version 1 : Received: 2 August 2021 / Approved: 3 August 2021 / Online: 3 August 2021 (14:30:34 CEST)

How to cite: Camacho, O.M.; McEwan, M.; Gale, N.; Pluym, N.; Scherer, M.; Hardie, G.; Murphy, J. Use of the Acrylonitrile Haemoglobin Adduct N‑(2‑cyanoethyl)valine as a Biomarker Of Compliance in Smokers Switching to Tobacco Heating Products. Preprints 2021, 2021080085. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0085.v1 Camacho, O.M.; McEwan, M.; Gale, N.; Pluym, N.; Scherer, M.; Hardie, G.; Murphy, J. Use of the Acrylonitrile Haemoglobin Adduct N‑(2‑cyanoethyl)valine as a Biomarker Of Compliance in Smokers Switching to Tobacco Heating Products. Preprints 2021, 2021080085. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202108.0085.v1

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the use of blood levels of N-(2 cyanoethyl)valine (CEVal), a haemoglobin adduct of acrylonitrile, to assess lack of compliance with smoking cessation. Methods: We report CEVal concentrations and percentiles over time for 2 cessation groups, compliance was established using NNAL concentrations. CEVal half-life was estimated. Optimal thresholds were calculated based on receiver operating characteristics analysis. Results: At 180 days, among 67 participants in the continued smoking group and 159 assigned to smoking cessation or sole THP use. CEVal half-life was estimated to be approximately 30 days and the optimal thresholds were for NNAL at 40 pg/mL and CEVal at 35 pmol/g globin (81% sensitivity and specificity). Conclusions: A new generation of biomarkers of compliance is required, specific to the new generation of nicotine products. Methodological validation and standardisation could allow robust assessment of effects across clinical and observational studies while promoting comparability between studies. CEVal could play an important role as biomarker of compliance for smoking cessation and switching studies.

Keywords

tobacco heating product; CEVal; protocol compliance; smoking cessation; biomarker

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biology and Biotechnology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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