Thermal Fluctuations and Electromagnetic Noise Spectra in Quantum Statistical Mechanics

Ladislaus Alexander Bányai; Mircea Bundaru; Paul Gartner

doi:10.20944/preprints202107.0322.v3

Preprint Article Version 3 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 13 July 2021 / Approved: 14 July 2021 / Online: 14 July 2021 (11:22:11 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 12 October 2021 / Approved: 13 October 2021 / Online: 13 October 2021 (11:19:52 CEST)
Version 3 : Received: 15 January 2022 / Approved: 17 January 2022 / Online: 17 January 2022 (09:04:34 CET)

We derive the thermal noise spectrum of the Fourier transform of the electric field operator of a given wave vector starting from the quantum-statistical definitions and relate it to the complex frequency and wave vector dependent complex conductivity in a homogeneous, isotropic system of electromagnetic interacting electrons. We analyze separately the longitudinal and transverse case with their peculiarities. The Nyquist formula for vanishing frequency and wave vector, as well as its modification for non-vanishing frequencies and wave vectors follow immediately. Furthermore we discuss also the noise of the photon occupation numbers. It is important to stress that no additional assumptions at all were used in this straightforward proof.

fluctuations; noise spectra; longitudinal and transverse electric fields; Nyquist noise; photon number noise

Physical Sciences, Condensed Matter Physics

Comment 1

Received: 17 January 2022
Commenter: Ladislaus Banyai
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author

Comment: The misprints in the coefficients of some equations were corrected (Eqs. 40,59,62,66). The bibliography was corrected (Ref[18]) At the end of Sect. 3 and Sect. 4 relevant comments are added in text and a footnote. The text was improved by eliminating redundancies.

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Comment 2

Received: 19 February 2023
Commenter: Kyle Eumarrah
The commenter has declared there is no conflict of interests.

Comment: To the preprints.org webmaster, You always provide great insights.

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Thermal Fluctuations and Electromagnetic Noise Spectra in Quantum Statistical Mechanics

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