preprints.org > doi: 10.20944/preprints202106.0290.v1

Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Version 1 : Received: 9 June 2021 / Approved: 10 June 2021 / Online: 10 June 2021 (11:39:26 CEST)

introduction: Cancer, as clusters of diseases, uncontrolled cell proliferation due to tumor suppressor genes inactivation, oncogenes activation, and external factors.Methods: To review data, electronic databases such as Nature, PubMed/PMC, Science Direct/Elsevier, EMBASE, and Google Scholar were used.Results: Derestricted forms of proto-oncogenes are oncogenes, which had vital roles in various paths of cell cycle modulation. Translocations and chromosomal rearrangement and/or mutations in genes are the major factors for the transformation of proto-oncogene to oncogenes. Herein, to prevent the proliferation of cancerous cells, oncogenes are targeted molecules. From a cancer therapeutic target point of view, oncogene silencing and deletion, mutation of tumor suppressor genes, and retroviral therapy molecular techniques were developed. Conclusion: To establish a cancer-free world, the most commonly used techniques are: Ribose Nucleic Acid interferences, zinc finger nucleases, and CRISPR.Keywords: Cancer, Oncogenes, Proto-oncogenes, molecular technique

Cancer; Oncogenes; Proto-oncogenes; molecular technique