Preprint Article Version 2 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Effects of Microencapsulated Organic Acid and Their Salts on Growth Performance, Immunity, and Disease Resistance of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

Version 1 : Received: 1 June 2021 / Approved: 3 June 2021 / Online: 3 June 2021 (11:43:34 CEST)
Version 2 : Received: 5 June 2021 / Approved: 7 June 2021 / Online: 7 June 2021 (12:44:12 CEST)

How to cite: Chowdhury, M.K.; Song, H.; Liu, Y.; Bunod, J.; Dong, X. Effects of Microencapsulated Organic Acid and Their Salts on Growth Performance, Immunity, and Disease Resistance of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Preprints 2021, 2021060108. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0108.v2 Chowdhury, M.K.; Song, H.; Liu, Y.; Bunod, J.; Dong, X. Effects of Microencapsulated Organic Acid and Their Salts on Growth Performance, Immunity, and Disease Resistance of Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei. Preprints 2021, 2021060108. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202106.0108.v2

Abstract

Use of antibiotics and other chemicals to combat disease outbreaks have been a bottleneck for the sustainable growth of shrimp industry. Among various replacement proposed, organic acid (OA) and their salts (OS) are commonly used by farmers and feed millers. However, in free forms, their requirement is very high (2-3 kg/MT) as they tend to disassociate before reaching the hindgut. The dosage can be reduced by microencapsulation of the ingredients. In this study, a 63-day trial was conducted to assess the effects of OA and OS (COMP) microencapsulated (ENCAP) with fat (HF), fat + alginate (HA), wax esters – (WE), and HA and WE (HAWE) on performance, digestive enzyme, immune, and resistance to Vibrio parahaemolyticus. A positive control (PC, 200 g/kg fishmeal - FM) and a negative control (NC, 130 g/kg FM) diet were formulated. Eight other diets were formulated supplementing NC diet with microencapsulated OA (OAHF, OAHA, OAWE, OAHAWE) and OS (OSHF, OSHA, OSWE, OSHAWE). Among the ENCAPs, significant difference was observed in serum malondialdehyde (P = 0.026) where HF showed the lowest level (6.4 ±0.3 mmol/L). Significant interactions between COMP and ENCAP were observed in lipid deposition (P = 0.047), serum alkaline phosphatase and acid phosphatase (P < 0.0001), and hepatopancreatic and serum phenol oxidase (P < 0.0001). Despite no differences, 96-h mortality during pathogenic Vibrio parahaemolyticus challenge in all treatment diets (45% - 56%) was lower compared to the NC diets (63%). In conclusion, use of HF microencapsulated OA diets could provide improved performance and disease resistance that could contribute to the reduction of antibiotic use by the shrimp industry.

Keywords

Organic acid; Digestive enzymes; Immune response; Microencapsulation; Vibrio sp.; Shrimp

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Comments (1)

Comment 1
Received: 7 June 2021
Commenter: Mohiuddin Chowdhury
Commenter's Conflict of Interests: Author
Comment: The article is revised following the MDPI guidelines. Abstract and Introduction sections are revised. Conclusion added.
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