Liang, S.; Ponpetch, K.; Zhou, Y.; Guo, J.; Erko, B.; Stothard, J.R.; Murad, M.H.; Zhou, X.; Satrija, F.; Webster, J.P.; Remais, J.; Utzinger, J.; Garba, A. Diagnosis of Schistosoma Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Preprints2021, 2021050075. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
APA Style
Liang, S., Ponpetch, K., Zhou, Y., Guo, J., Erko, B., Stothard, J.R., Murad, M.H., Zhou, X., Satrija, F., Webster, J.P., Remais, J., Utzinger, J., & Garba, A. (2021). Diagnosis of <em>Schistosoma</em> Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Liang, S., Juerg Utzinger and Amadou Garba. 2021 "Diagnosis of <em>Schistosoma</em> Infection in Non-Human Animal Hosts: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202105.0075.v1
Abstract
Background Reliable and field-applicable diagnosis of schistosome infections in non-human animals is important for surveillance, control, and verification of interruption of human schistosomiasis transmission. This study aimed to summarize uses of available diagnostic techniques through a systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods and principal findings We systematically searched the literature and reports comparing two or more diagnostic tests in non-human animals for schistosome infection. Out of 4,909 articles and reports screened, 18 met our inclusion criteria, four of which were considered in the meta-analysis. A total of 14 techniques (parasitologic, immunologic, and molecular) and nine types of non-human animals were involved in the studies. Notably, four studies compared parasitologic tests (miracidium hatching test (MHT), Kato-Katz (KK), the Danish Bilharziasis Laboratory technique (DBL), and formalin-ethyl acetate sedimentation-digestion (FED-SD)) with quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR), and sensitivity estimates (using qPCR as the reference) were extracted and included in the meta-analyses, showing significant heterogeneity across studies and animals hosts. The pooled estimate of sensitivity was 0.21 (95% confidence interval (CI): 0.03 – 0.48) with FED-SD showing highest sensitivity (0.89, 95% CI: 0.65 – 1.00). Conclusions and significance Our findings suggest that the parasitologic technique FEA-SD and the molecular technique, qPCR, are the most promising field-applicable techniques for schistosome diagnosis in non-human animal hosts. Future studies are needed for validation and standardization of the techniques for real-world field applications.
Biology and Life Sciences, Immunology and Microbiology
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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