Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Towards Scaling-up Photocatalytic Process for Multiphase Environmental Applications: A Review

Mohamed Gar Alalm
,
Ridha Djellabi
* ORCID logo ,
Daniela Meroni
ORCID logo ,
Carlo Pirola
ORCID logo ,
Claudia L. Bianchi
ORCID logo ,
Daria Camilla Boffito
* ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 8 April 2021 / Approved: 9 April 2021 / Online: 9 April 2021 (13:04:11 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Alalm, M.G.; Djellabi, R.; Meroni, D.; Pirola, C.; Bianchi, C.L.; Boffito, D.C. Toward Scaling-Up Photocatalytic Process for Multiphase Environmental Applications. Catalysts 2021, 11, 562. Alalm, M.G.; Djellabi, R.; Meroni, D.; Pirola, C.; Bianchi, C.L.; Boffito, D.C. Toward Scaling-Up Photocatalytic Process for Multiphase Environmental Applications. Catalysts 2021, 11, 562.

Abstract

Recently, we have witnessed a booming development of composites and multi-dopant metal oxides to be employed as novel photocatalysts. Yet the practical application of photocatalysis for environmental purposes is still elusive. Concerns about the unknown fate and toxicity of nanoparticles, unsatisfactory performance in real conditions, mass transfer limitations and durability issues have so far discouraged investments in full-scale applications of photocatalysis. Herein, we provide a critical overview of the main challenges that are limiting large-scale application of photocatalysis in air and water/wastewater purification. We then discuss the main approaches reported in the literature to tackle these shortcomings, such as the design of photocatalytic reactors that retain the photocatalyst, the study of degradation of micropollutants in different water matrices, and the development of gas-phase reactors with optimized contact time and irradiation. Furthermore, we provide a critical analysis of research-practice gaps such as treatment of real water and air samples, degradation of pollutants with actual environmental concentrations, photocatalyst deactivation, and cost and environmental life-cycle assessment.

Keywords

Air pollution; Photocatalysis; Reactors; Wastewater; Water matrix; Scaling up

Subject

Chemistry and Materials Science, Analytical Chemistry

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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