Preprint Review Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar

Meghan A Cook
* ORCID logo ,
Pardeep Jagpal
,
Khin Hnin Pwint
ORCID logo ,
Lai Lai San
ORCID logo ,
Saint Saint Kyaw Thein
,
Thidar Pyone
,
Win Moh Moh Thit
,
Sally M Bradberry
,
Samuel Collins
ORCID logo
Version 1 : Received: 25 January 2021 / Approved: 26 January 2021 / Online: 26 January 2021 (11:57:26 CET)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Cook, M.A.; Jagpal, P.S.; Hnin Pwint, K.; San, L.L.; Kyaw Thein, S.S.; Pyone, T.; Thit, W.M.M.; Bradberry, S.M.; Collins, S. Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3576. Cook, M.A.; Jagpal, P.S.; Hnin Pwint, K.; San, L.L.; Kyaw Thein, S.S.; Pyone, T.; Thit, W.M.M.; Bradberry, S.M.; Collins, S. Systematic Review of Human Poisoning and Toxic Exposures in Myanmar. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 3576.

Abstract

The International Health Regulations (2005) promote national capacity in core institutions so countries can better detect, respond to and recover from public health emergencies. In accordance with the ‘all hazards’ approach to public health risk, this systematic review examines poisoning and toxic exposures in Myanmar. A systematic literature search was undertaken to find articles pertaining to poisoning in Myanmar published between 1998 and 2020. A number of poisoning risks are identified in this review including snakebites, heavy metals, drugs of abuse, agro-chemicals and traditional medicine. Patterns of poisoning presented in the literature diverge from poisoning priorities reported in other lower-middle income countries in the region. The expe-rience of professionals working in a Yangon-based poison treatment unit indicates that frequently observed poisoning as a result of substances including pharmaceuticals, methanol, and petroleum products were absent from the literature. Other notable gaps in the available research include assessments of the public health burden of poisoning through self-harm, household exposures to chemicals, paediatric risk and women’s occupational risk of poisoning. There is a limited amount of research available on poisoning outcomes and routes of exposure in Myanmar. Further inves-tigation and research is warranted to provide a more complete assessment of poisoning risk and incidence.

Keywords

poisoning; toxic; Myanmar

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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