Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Effectiveness of Influenza Vaccination in Hospitalized Cases in Catalonia During the 2017-2018 Season

Lesly Acosta
,
Nuria Soldevila
ORCID logo ,
Nuria Torner
* ORCID logo ,
Ana Martínez
,
Xavier Ayneto
,
Cristina Rius
,
Mireia Jane
,
Angela Dominguez
Version 1 : Received: 11 December 2020 / Approved: 12 December 2020 / Online: 12 December 2020 (12:00:50 CET)
Version 2 : Received: 11 May 2021 / Approved: 13 May 2021 / Online: 13 May 2021 (13:45:31 CEST)
Version 3 : Received: 14 May 2021 / Approved: 24 May 2021 / Online: 24 May 2021 (15:02:34 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Acosta, L.; Soldevila, N.; Torner, N.; Martínez, A.; Ayneto, X.; Rius, C.; Jané, M.; Domínguez, A.; the Influenza Surveillance Network of Catalonia, PIDIRAC. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Severe Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza during the 2017–2018 Season. A Retrospective Cohort Study in Catalonia (Spain). Viruses 2021, 13, 1465. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081465 Acosta, L.; Soldevila, N.; Torner, N.; Martínez, A.; Ayneto, X.; Rius, C.; Jané, M.; Domínguez, A.; the Influenza Surveillance Network of Catalonia, PIDIRAC. Influenza Vaccine Effectiveness in Preventing Severe Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized with Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza during the 2017–2018 Season. A Retrospective Cohort Study in Catalonia (Spain). Viruses 2021, 13, 1465. https://doi.org/10.3390/v13081465

Abstract

Seasonal flu is a common cause of hospital admission, especially in populations with comorbidities or extreme ages. The objective was to investigate the effectiveness of influenza vaccination in hospitalized laboratory confirmed influenza cases (HLCI). A retrospective case-to-case study of HLCI adults in Catalonia, during the 2017-2018 season was carried out. Differences in means, proportions, factors associated with vaccine effectiveness (VE) and intensive care unit (ICU) were assessed by t-test, Chi-squared test, logistic regression and multivariate logistic regression, accordingly. A total of 1414 HLCI aged 18 years and older were included in the analysis, 465 (33%) vaccinated, (of these 94% were ≥ 60 yrs.), 804 (56.9%) were men, 61% were type B influenza and 15.1% required ICU admission. An age of 60 or older was associated with lower ICU admission (OR 0.44; 95%CI 0.32-0.61; <0.001). Mean length of hospital stay (LOS) and ICU stay (LICS) did not differ significantly between vaccinated and unvaccinated, although ICU admission proportion did (11.2% in vaccinated vs. 17.1% in unvaccinated). A longer hospital stay was observed in those patients being admitted to ICU being 22.4 (SD 20.3) days vs 11.1(SD14.4) days (p<0,001) for those not admitted to ICU. Being vaccinated avoids ICU admission, aOR of 69% (95%CI 0.49-0.99; 0.04). Considering types A and B jointly, VE to avoid ICU admission was 31% (95%CI 1-52). For type B virus only, VE was 25% (95%CI 18-51). Annual influenza vaccination can reduce the need of admission to ICU in cases of laboratory confirmed influenza virus infections. A shorter mean hospital stay was observed in vaccinated cases, but the result is not statistically significant.

Keywords

influenza; Intensive Care Unit; vaccine effectiveness; length of stay

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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