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Unusual Faces of Bladder Cancer
Version 1
: Received: 27 October 2020 / Approved: 29 October 2020 / Online: 29 October 2020 (09:25:10 CET)
A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.
Manini, C.; López, J.I. Unusual Faces of Bladder Cancer. Cancers 2020, 12, 3706. Manini, C.; López, J.I. Unusual Faces of Bladder Cancer. Cancers 2020, 12, 3706.
Abstract
The overwhelming majority of bladder cancers are transitional cell carcinomas. Albeit mostly monotonous, carcinomas in the bladder may occasionally display a broad spectrum of histological features that should be recognized by pathologists because some of them represent a diagnostic problem and/or lead prognostic implications. Sometimes these features are focal in the context of conventional transitional cell carcinomas, but some others are generalized across the tumor making its recognition a challenge. For practical purposes, the review distributes the morphologic spectrum of changes in architectural and cytological. So, nested and large nested, micropapillary, myxoid stroma, small tubules and adenoma nephrogenic-like, microcystic, verrucous, and diffuse lymphoepithelioma-like, on one hand, and plasmacytoid, signet ring, basaloid-squamous, yolk-sac, trophoblastic, rhabdoid, lipid/lipoblastic, giant, clear, eosinophilic (oncocytoid), and sarcomatoid, on the other, are revisited. Key histological and immunohistochemical features useful in the differential diagnosis are mentioned. In selected cases, molecular data associated with the diagnosis, prognosis, and/or treatment are also included.
Keywords
Bladder cancer; diagnosis; differential diagnosis; prognosis; histopathology; immunohistochemistry
Subject
Medicine and Pharmacology, Immunology and Allergy
Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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