Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Photoimmunotherapy Using Cationic and Anionic Photosensitizer-Antibody Conjugates Against HIV Env-Expressing Cells

Mohammad Sadraeian
* ORCID logo ,
Calise Bahou
,
Edgar Ferreira da Cruz
,
Luíz Mário Ramos Janini
,
Ricardo Sobhie Diaz
* ,
Ross W. Boyle
* ORCID logo ,
Vijay Chudasama
* ,
Francisco Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães
*
Version 1 : Received: 22 October 2020 / Approved: 23 October 2020 / Online: 23 October 2020 (14:55:47 CEST)

A peer-reviewed article of this Preprint also exists.

Sadraeian, M.; Bahou, C.; da Cruz, E.F.; Janini, L.M.R.; Sobhie Diaz, R.; Boyle, R.W.; Chudasama, V.; Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães, F. Photoimmunotherapy Using Cationic and Anionic Photosensitizer-Antibody Conjugates against HIV Env-Expressing Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 9151. Sadraeian, M.; Bahou, C.; da Cruz, E.F.; Janini, L.M.R.; Sobhie Diaz, R.; Boyle, R.W.; Chudasama, V.; Eduardo Gontijo Guimarães, F. Photoimmunotherapy Using Cationic and Anionic Photosensitizer-Antibody Conjugates against HIV Env-Expressing Cells. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2020, 21, 9151.

Abstract

Different therapeutic strategies have been investigated to target and eliminate HIV-1-infected cells by using armed antibodies specific to viral proteins, with varying degrees of success. Herein, we propose a new strategy by combining photodynamic therapy (PDT) with HIV Env-targeted immunotherapy, and refer to it as HIV photoimmunotherapy (PIT). A human anti-gp41 antibody (7B2) was conjugated to two photosensitizers with different charges through different linking strategies; “Click” conjugation by using an azide-bearing porphyrin attached via a disulfide bridge linker with a drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR) of exactly 4, and “Lysine” conjugation by using phthalocyanine IRDye 700DX dye with average DARs of 2.1, 3.0 and 4.4. These photo-immunoconjugates (PICs) were compared via biochemical and immunological characterizations regarding the dosimetry, solubility, and cell targeting. Photo-induced cytotoxicity of the PICs were compared using assays for apoptosis, reactive oxygen species (ROS), photo-cytotoxicity, and confocal microscopy. Targeted phototoxicity seems to be primarily dependent on the binding of PS-antibody to the HIV antigen on the cell membrane, whilst being independent of the PS type. This is the first report of the application of PIT for HIV immunotherapy by killing HIV Env-expressing cells.

Keywords

HIV immunotherapy; photoimmunotherapy; photodynamic Therapy; porphyrin; phthalocyanine; HIV-infected cell; monoclonal antibody

Subject

Biology and Life Sciences, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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