Version 1
: Received: 13 May 2020 / Approved: 14 May 2020 / Online: 14 May 2020 (15:19:53 CEST)
How to cite:
Martín, J. B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins <70 kDa Causes Th2 Immune Suppression in COVID-19 Sepsis. Preprints2020, 2020050244. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0244.v1
Martín, J. B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins . Preprints 2020, 2020050244. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0244.v1
Martín, J. B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins <70 kDa Causes Th2 Immune Suppression in COVID-19 Sepsis. Preprints2020, 2020050244. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0244.v1
APA Style
Martín, J. (2020). B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins <70 kDa Causes Th2 Immune Suppression in COVID-19 Sepsis. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0244.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Martín, J. 2020 "B Cells Over-Activation by Viral Proteins <70 kDa Causes Th2 Immune Suppression in COVID-19 Sepsis" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202005.0244.v1
Abstract
COVID-19 sepsis immune response remains unclear. Here we propose a new perspective in host response against pathogenic proteins that may lead to a vaccine design by polymerization of antigens of <70 kDa. In COVID-19, initial Th1 response kills infected cells releasing viral proteins. SARS-CoV-2 viral structural proteins are Spike (140 kDa), Nucleocapsid (50 kDa), Membrane (25 kDa) and Envelope (10 kDa). B cell receptor cannot capture antigens >70 kDa. The Spike protein (140 kDa) cannot be captured by B cells and triggers inflammatory Th1 response via the macrophages. Only proteins with a size <70 kDa can activate B cell receptor and trigger Th2 adaptative humoral response. Moreover, M-25 kDa and E-12 kDa glycoproteins can activate IgM-BCR like oligovalent or monovalent antigens. The sustained infected cells lysis overfeeds high levels of viral proteins <70 kDa, increases B cells activation and, in the shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response, triggers the cytokine storm. The continuous BCR activation increases IL-10 releasing and may lead to immune paralysis.
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
