Preprint Article Version 1 Preserved in Portico This version is not peer-reviewed

Post-Operative Chronic Pain Control in Mediastinal Lymphomas in An Elderly Population: the Role of Physical Activity

Antonello Sica
* ,
Beniamino Casale
,
Caterina Sagnelli
ORCID logo ,
Armando Calogero
,
Maria Teresa Di Dato
,
Alessandro Spada
,
Marco Rispoli
,
Mario Santagata
,
Pietro Buonavolontà
,
Alfonso Fiorelli
ORCID logo ,
Vincenzo Tammaro
,
Massimo Ciccozzi
,
Anna Salzano
,
Evangelista Sagnelli
,
Elisabetta Saracco
,
Dario Tammaro
,
Alfonso Papa
Version 1 : Received: 29 December 2019 / Approved: 30 December 2019 / Online: 30 December 2019 (09:44:54 CET)

How to cite: Sica, A.; Casale, B.; Sagnelli, C.; Calogero, A.; Di Dato, M.T.; Spada, A.; Rispoli, M.; Santagata, M.; Buonavolontà, P.; Fiorelli, A.; Tammaro, V.; Ciccozzi, M.; Salzano, A.; Sagnelli, E.; Saracco, E.; Tammaro, D.; Papa, A. Post-Operative Chronic Pain Control in Mediastinal Lymphomas in An Elderly Population: the Role of Physical Activity. Preprints 2019, 2019120395. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201912.0395.v1 Sica, A.; Casale, B.; Sagnelli, C.; Calogero, A.; Di Dato, M.T.; Spada, A.; Rispoli, M.; Santagata, M.; Buonavolontà, P.; Fiorelli, A.; Tammaro, V.; Ciccozzi, M.; Salzano, A.; Sagnelli, E.; Saracco, E.; Tammaro, D.; Papa, A. Post-Operative Chronic Pain Control in Mediastinal Lymphomas in An Elderly Population: the Role of Physical Activity. Preprints 2019, 2019120395. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201912.0395.v1

Abstract

Thoracotomy is one of the most painful types of incision a patient can experience. Pain is a very complex pathophysiological entity. Neuronal pathophysiological mechanisms are integrated with the immunological response, which amplify inflammation and pain. Prolonged inflammation induces a pathological response of the immune-system and constantly stimulate the nociceptive pathways generating chronic pain. The mechanisms are particularly altered in lymphomas, where pain following chest surgery often becomes chronic and reduces the quality of life. In this study 51 elderly patients who had undergone a transthoracic biopsy to verify the suspect of mediastinal lymphoma were examined for pain reduction with oral opioids, effect of epidural analgesia and paravertebral block. Subsequently, patients underwent tensed torsion exercises, progressively intensified. After the first few days, patients walked progressively for 20 minutes a day. Once discharged a program of patients started aerobic exercises to increase muscle endurance and to strengthen the extensor muscles of the legs and of the upper limbs. The systemic administration of opioids is the simplest and most common method of providing analgesia for postoperative pain, but early mobilization, respiratory rehabilitation, and muscle toning exercises are excellent support devices both for physical and psychological recovery.

Keywords

physical activity; elderly population; chronic pain; mediastinal lymphomas

Subject

Medicine and Pharmacology, Oncology and Oncogenics

Copyright: This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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