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Integration of Peach (Prunus persica L) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops
Version 1
: Received: 13 November 2019 / Approved: 14 November 2019 / Online: 14 November 2019 (11:11:27 CET)
How to cite:
Imran, I.; Amanullah, A. Integration of Peach (Prunus persica L) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops. Preprints2019, 2019110159. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201911.0159.v1
Imran, I.; Amanullah, A. Integration of Peach (Prunus persica L) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops. Preprints 2019, 2019110159. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201911.0159.v1
Imran, I.; Amanullah, A. Integration of Peach (Prunus persica L) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops. Preprints2019, 2019110159. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201911.0159.v1
APA Style
Imran, I., & Amanullah, A. (2019). Integration of Peach (<em>Prunus persica L</em>) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops. Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201911.0159.v1
Chicago/Turabian Style
Imran, I. and Amanullah Amanullah. 2019 "Integration of Peach (<em>Prunus persica L</em>) Biochar, Compost and Peach Residues along with Beneficial Microbes and Phosphorus Improve Agronomic Efficiency, Phosphorus use Efficiency, Partial Factor Productivity and Soil P in Soybean vs Maize Crops" Preprints. https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints201911.0159.v1
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an important element in a complete and balanced fertility program that can improve crop P use efficiency and ultimately productivity and profitability. Phosphatic fertilizers use without organic fertilizers leads to gradual decline in soil organic matter, native nutrient status and ultimately reduction in agricultural productivity and economic growth. The objectives of this was to evaluate P efficiencies with incorporation of peach sources, beneficial microbes and P application. From sustainability points of view, alternative use of different sources and forms of organic sources alone or in combination with inorganic P and beneficial microbes possess potential for improving productive capacity of the soil. Separate field experiments (one each on maize and soybean as a test crop) were conducted at Agriculture Research Institute Mingora Swat (ARI) for two consecutive years in summer season of 2016 (year one) and 2017 (year two). For the first time such a study were conducted to utilize peach leftovers and biomass (leaves, twigs, fruits, stones and barks partially decomposed, its compost and biochar) along with three phosphorus (P) levels (50, 75, 100 kg P ha-1) and two beneficial microbes (PSB and Trichoderma) on such a way to enhance soil sustainability and P use efficiency of soybean and maize. The results revealed that organic sources had significant effect on soybean and maize P use efficiency (PUE), P agronomic efficiency (PAE), partial factor productivity (PFPp) and soil P concentration. In experiment 1 among the organic sources, peach residues increased soil P (12.0 mg kg-1) as compared to peach compost and biochar (8.6 & 11.7 mg kg-1). Soil P concentration was maximum (12.1 mg kg-1) with PSB than Trichoderma (9.5 mg kg-1). Application of P at 100 kg ha-1increased soil P contents (16.9 mg kg-1) as compared to 50 and 75 kg P ha 1 (5.9 & 9.6 mg kg-1) respectively. P concentration was increased drastically in year 2 (12.4 mg kg-1) than year one (9.1 mg kg-1). PUE in both crops (soybean and maize) was maximum (25.6 & 28.4%) with peach biochar than compost and residues along with Trichoderma (21.7 & 27.8%). Highest PUE in soybean was recorded with 75 kg P ha-1(22.2%) however in maize maximum PUE was noted with 50 kg P ha-1(33.5%). PAE and PFPp in both crops was maximum with biochar and soil application of Trichoderma than other organic sources and PSB. Among the P levels highest PAE in soybean and maize was recorded with 75 kg ha-1whereas PFPp in soybean was maximum with 75 kg P ha-1 and interestingly in maize it was noted with 50 kg ha-1. Conclusively soybean and maize PAE, PFPp and PUE was higher with biochar, soil incorporation of Trichoderma and P at the rate of 75 kg ha-1 and can improve soybean and maize yield and soil productivity on sustainable basis.
Biology and Life Sciences, Agricultural Science and Agronomy
Copyright:
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
